四川省农村地区高血压患病率及相关因素分析

目的 了解四川省农村地区高血压流行及诊疗状况。方法 利用中英合作项目“中国慢性病前瞻性研究”项目四川省基线调查人群数据,分析彭州市不同特征人群高血压患病情况和知晓、治疗及控制情况。结果 四川省农村地区30～79岁人群高血压患病率为25.2%,高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率低,分别为24.7%、14.7%和3.7%。高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率与社会人口学相关;冬季高血压患病率比夏季高70%～80%,“三率”明显低于夏季。高血压人群吸烟、饮酒比例较高,饮食习惯较差,体力活动不足,肥胖比例较高;知晓自己患病的人群生活方式有适当改善,但体力活动更差和肥胖比例较高。结论 四川省农村地区高血压患病率高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率低。应加强年轻人群健康教育,重视老年人群高血压的治疗和控制,规范高血压患者的管理。

Characteristics of hypertension prevalence and related factors in rural area in Sichuan

Objective To understand the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in rural area in Sichuan province. Methods The cross-sectional data of 55 687 subjects who were enrolled into the China Kadoorie Biobank study from Pengzhou in southwestern China were used to analyze the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among local residents. Results The prevalence of hypertension among population aged 30-79 years old was 25.2%. The awareness rate of self hypertension status, the treatment rate and the control rate of hypertension were 24.7%, 14.7% and 3.7%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, the awareness rate of self hypertension status, the treatment rate and the control rate of hypertension were associated with the socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects. The prevalence of hypertension in winter (70%-80%) was higher than that in summer, while the awareness rate, the treatment rate and the control rate of hypertension in winter were much lower than those in summer. Among the hypertension patients, the rates of smoking and alcohol use were high, the dietary habit was bad, physical activities were less and the prevalence of obesity was higher. The lifestyles of the hypertension patients were improved in those who know about their disease status. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was high, but the awareness rate of self hypertension status, the treatment rate and the control rate of hypertension were low in rural area in Sichuan. It is necessary to strengthen the health education in young population and the treatment and control of hypertension in old population. Meanwhile, the management of hypertension patients should be standardized.