成都地区55岁及以上人群轻微认知功能损害患病率调查

目的 调查成都地区55岁及以上人群轻微认知功能损害(MCI)的患病率。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法从成都市所辖19个区、县(市)抽取样本，调查分为筛查、复查诊断两个阶段。筛查用一般情况量表、简易精神状态检查表(CMMSE)、抑郁自评量表(CES—D)、体格检查及神经系统检查表，复查诊断用老年期痴呆诊断问卷、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)。MCI诊断标准参照Petersen等诊断标准：①主诉记忆损害；②日常生活能力正常；③一般认知功能正常；④与年龄不符的记忆损害，认知检查有记忆损害；⑤达不到痴呆标准；⑥CDR评分0．5；⑦排除抑郁等原因引起的可逆性认知损害。结果 实查3910人，MCI的患病率为2．4％。城镇MCI的患病率为1．5％，农村为2．5％，两者差异无显著性。男性：MCI患病率为1．8％，女性为2．9％，女性高于男性，差异有显著性(χ^2=5．634，P=0．018)。文盲MCI患病率4．0％，明显高于非文盲者。随年龄增长MCI累积患病率增加，且女性高于男性。结论 MCI患病率(2．4％)较成都同一地区阿尔茨海默病(AD)的患病率(2．05％)略高。MCI患者是AD高危群体，需进一步随访及采取早期干预措施。

The prevalence of mild cognit ive impairment among residents aged 55 or over in Chengdu area

Objective To study the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the urban and the rural areas in Chengdu, Southwest China. Methods Residents aged 55 or over were selected by stratified random cluster sampling from 19 districts, cities, and counties of Chengdu area in Sichuan province. A two-stage survey was carried out. In the first stage, CMMSE, CES-D were used as screening instruments. In the second stage, Diagnostic questionnaires of dementia and CDR were used as diagnostic instruments. The diagnostic criteria of mild cognitive impairment adopted from Petersen's were: (1) memory complaint;(2) normal activities of daily living;(3) normal general cognitive function;(4) memory impairment incompatible with age;(5) not demented; (6) CDR=0.5 and (7) exclusion of the reversible cognitive impairment caused by other factors (i.e. depression). Results Three thousand,nine hundren and ten subjects were examined. The prevalence rates of MCI was 2.4 %. The MCI prevalence rates in the urban and the rural areas were 1.5 %, 2.5 % respectively, without significant difference. The MCI prevalence in males and females were 1.8 %, 2.9 % respectively. Prevalence rate in female was higher than in males with significant difference. Prevalence of illiteracy ( 4.0 %) was the highest among different educational levels. The accumulated prevalence increased with age. Conclusion The prevalence of MCI ( 2.4 %) was slightly higher than the prevalence of AD ( 2.05 %) in the same areas of Chengdu. MCI seemed to be a high risk factor for AD which should to be followed up. Early intervention in MCI might be helpful in the prevention of AD.