上海口岸首例邮轮大规模诺如病毒感染爆发的应急处置

〔目的〕通过对某大型邮轮一起诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎疫情处置,关注国际间疫情变化,为国境口岸突发公共卫生事件快速反应提供对策依据。〔方法〕通过对来沪某大型邮轮的一起诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎的临床诊断、流行病学调查、实验室检测和卫生检疫措施的实施,探讨口岸突发公共卫生事件的快速反应对策。〔结果〕经过对邮轮上患者样本和食品样本的细菌学和病毒学检测,结合流行病学调查和临床表现确定为诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎,采取了以传染源控制和管理为重点、切断传播途径和保护易感人群等卫生检疫措施后控制了疫情的蔓延。〔结论〕国境卫生检疫应在排除检疫传染病的情况下,扩大疾病监测范围,以控制常见的、多发的、易引起突发公共卫生事件的传染病为重点。根据新的《国际卫生条例》的规定,调整国境口岸卫生检疫策略,加强口岸卫生检疫核心能力建设,建立应对突发公共卫生事件快速反应体系的新机制,为防止疾病的国际传播提供技术保障。

Rapid Reaction to Outbreak of Norovirus Aassociated Acute Gastroenteritis on a Cruise Ship in Shanghai

Objective To increase awareness of the changes of epidemic situations through rapid response to outbreak of norovirus associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE) on a cruise ship, and to provide basis for enhancing rapid response system to public health emergencies at frontier ports. Method The clinical diagnosis, epidemiological investigation, laboratory detection and quarantine measures to AGE were carried out on a cruise ship disembarking in Shanghai. Based on these findings, the strategies for rapid response...