2016—2021年湖北省鄂州市流感监测结果分析

目的分析2016—2021年湖北省鄂州市流感监测结果，了解流感样病例（ILI）的流行病学特征以及病原学变化趋势，为流感防控和风险评估提供科学依据。方法收集2016—2021年湖北省鄂州市流感哨点医院报告的ILI监测数据和网络实验室的病原学检测数据，并进行分析。结果2016—2021年湖北省鄂州市ILI就诊百分比（ILI%）为2.81%，呈逐年上升趋势，报告ILI以0~4岁为主，占总数的55.55%。2016—2021年共检测7 716份ILI标本，其中核酸阳性标本1 467份，阳性率为19.01%；甲型H1N1流感主要集中在1月至4月，甲型H3N2流感主要集中在8月至12月，乙型Victoria系流感主要集中在4月至7月和12月至次年3月，乙型Yamagata系流感主要集中在12月至次年2月；流感网络实验室对1 467份核酸阳性标本分别用狗肾细胞（MDCK细胞）和无特定病原体（SPF）鸡胚2种方法进行流感病毒分离，毒株总分离率为32.78%，其中MDCK细胞分离率为26.93%，高于SPF鸡胚分离率（5.86%）。2016—2021年鄂州市共报告13起ILI暴发疫情，主要发生在冬春季的小学、中学和幼托机构人群密集场所。结论冬春季是鄂州市流感防控的重点时期，易暴发疫情，0~14岁儿童是防控的重点人群；不同监测年度流感病毒亚型交替流行，应持续加强监测，新冠肺炎疫情部分防控措施在预防流感中值得推荐。

Influenza surveillance in Ezhou City， Hubei Province， 2016?2021

ObjectiveTo analyze the influenza surveillance data in Ezhou City， Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021， determine the epidemiological characteristics and etiological trend of influenza like illness （ILI）， and to provide scientific evidence for influenza prevention and control.MethodsThe ILI surveillance data were reported by Ezhou influenza sentinel hospitals and etiological examination results were collected by network laboratory. Influenza surveillance data from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2021， the percentage of ILI visits （ILI%） in Ezhou city was 2.81% and increased over years. Majority （55.55%） of ILI cases were 0?4 years. A total of 7 716 ILI samples were examined from 2016 to 2021， of which 1 467 tested positive with a positive rate of 19.01%. Influenza A H1N1 was mainly concentrated in January-April， A H3N2 mainly in August-December， B Victoria mainly in April-July and December-March， and B Yamagata mainly in December-February. Influenza network laboratory isolated influenza virus from the 1 467 positive samples by using MDCK cells and SPF chicken embryos. The overall isolation rate was 32.78%， which was 26.93% by MDCK cells and 5.86% by SPF chicken embryos. From 2016 to 2021， a total of 13 ILI outbreaks were reported in Ezhou City. Temporally， the outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring. Spatially， they were mainly in primary schools， middle schools and kindergartens.ConclusionThe winter and spring are the key time period of influenza prevention and control in Ezhou City， as they are susceptible to influenza outbreaks. Children aged 0?14 are the key population of prevention and control. Diverse subtypes of influenza virus alternate by years， which warrants continually strengthening monitoring. Additionally， certain countermeasures against COVID-19 may be recommended in the prevention and control of influenza.