手足口病疫苗接种年龄区间的流行病学探讨简

目的]评估手足口病疫苗的接种年龄区间。方法]以宁波市鄞州区2010_2012年手足口痛疫情资料为模型，分析手足口病的年龄分布特征，以及手足口病重症与死亡病例的年龄分布特征，采用Logistic回归法计算0-11月龄病例各年龄段发病的相对风险值。结果]95．66％的病例分布在0～5周岁。各年龄段病例在同年龄段人口中的平均发病率：0。4周岁为44．57‰，5周岁为9．79‰，6周岁为6．84‰，7周岁后则不超过3.00‰。重症及死亡病例的平均年龄为22月龄。0，11月龄发病风险随年龄增长而增加，10～11月龄开始发病风险剧增。结论]手足口病疫苗起始接种年龄应为6-10月龄内，适宜人群应为6月龄～5周岁儿童，6周岁后人群接种疫苗意义不大。

Epidemiological analysis on vaccination age range for hand-foot and mouth disease

Objective] To evaluate the range of vaccination age for hand-foot and mouth disease （HFMD）. Methods] HFMD data in 2010 -2012 were obtained from Yinzhou District as the model for analysis of HFMD＇s age distribution characteristics, especially of severe and death cases. Logistic regression method was used to calculate the relative risk values of age groups from 0 to 11 months of age. Results] In our investigation, 95.66% of cases were distributed between 0 -5 years. Average incidence of HFMD for different age groups, 0 -4 years old was 44.57/1000, 5 years old 9.79/1000, 6 years old 6.84/1000, and average incidence no more than 3/1000 after 7 years of age. Average incidence for death and severe cases was 22 months of age. The risk of HEMD started to greatly increase with age from 0 to 11 months old, and became much more dangerous after 10 months of age. Conclusion] The initial vaccination age for HEMD should be between 6 to 10 months of age, the appropriate crowd for HFMD vaccination between 6 to 7t months of age, and vaccination is not of much significance for children after 71 months （6 years） of age.