上海市传染性非典型肺炎流行病学特征分析

目的 ]　分析上海市 2 0 0 3年传染性非典型肺炎 (SARS)流行病学特征 ,初步评价防制效果。　 方法 ]　采用统一的流行病学调查表对病例进行流行病学调查 ,描述和分析流行病学、病原学等相关资料和控制措施。　 结果 ]　2 0 0 3年 3月下旬至 5月上旬 ,19个区县有 5个区报告SARS病例共 8例 ,发病率为 0 .0 5 / 10万 ,其中 5例由疑似转为临床病人 ,发病主要集中在 4月份 ,均为 2 0岁以上成年人。除 1例为接触感染 ,其余 7例均为非本地感染病人。经治疗 6例治愈出院 ,2例死亡 (为 60岁以上者 )。病人密切接触者 3 3 3人中发生 1例病人 ,续发病率为 0 .3 %。医务人员中无一人感染 ,家庭和社区内未发生集聚性发病。　 结论 ]　上海市SARS病人以非本地感染为主 ,续发病率低 ,采取及时有效地隔离病人 ,对密切接触者医学观察和采取个人防护措施 ,是切断传播链的有效途径

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Shanghai

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) in Shanghai 2003 and evaluate the major control effects preliminaryly. Methods] Data from the uniformed epidemiological questionnaires for cases, pathogens detection and measures for control were collected and analyzed. Results] From the nineteen districts, there were five which reported SARS cases altogether 8 between the last ten-days of March and May 2003. The incidence rate of SARS was 0.05/100 000. Among the eight cases, five were confirmed from suspected cases in April, All cases were adults above the 20 years of age. Only one case was infected due to close contact locally, All the other seven were non-local infections. Six patients were cured and discharged two died (both above 60 years of age). Only one person out of 333 close contacts was identified SARS case and the secondary attack rate was 0.3%. There was no secondary infection among health care workers. No outbreak took place among relatives or communities. Conclusion] Most of the SARS cases in Shanghai were non-local infected cases. The secondary attack rate was low. The measures used were early and effective isolation of patients, medical observation for close contacts and self-protection for related persons.