豚鼠最大值试验的方法学改进探讨

目的对豚鼠最大值试验(GPMT)的试验方法进行改进,提高GPMT法的可操作性和重复性。方法对试验剂量的确定、试剂的选择、试验动物与分组、受试物前处理、去毛方法、十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS)的应用、动物固定以及试验结果观察8个方面进行改进及完善。使用改进后的GPMT法对三氯乙烯(TCE)进行致敏试验2次。结果细化了试验剂量的确定方法和试剂、实验动物、受试物前处理和SLS的使用方法。明确了电动剃毛刀的去毛效果。确定了无刺激胶布法作为受试物固定的有效方法。皮肤过敏反应情况应在去除激发斑贴后5h开始进行观察。重复激发的致敏率和致敏强度均下降。TCE两次致敏率分别为52%和48%,且差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论改进后的GPMT法提高了操作性,重复性好。

Methodological improvement on the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT)

Objective To improve the methods on the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT), make it be easily executed and duplicated. Methods Weaknesses in the method were found out and 8 aspects were designed to improve, including test dose confirming, agents choosing, laboratory animals grouping, tested materials pre-disposing, hair-free methods, application of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), fixation of the animals and observation of the animals. The improved method was applied twice for allergenic tests with trichloroethylene (TCE). Results The improved method particularly described the solution on confirming the test dose and agents, using tested animals, as well as showing the way to pre-dispose the tested material and apply SLS. Effect of hair free with electric razor was evaluated. The new method ascertained that using non-irritating plaster to fix animal was effective. The animal should be observed 5 hours after the removal of the excitated patch. The allergenic rates and intensity of the repeated challenge were descending. The allergenic rates of two tests were shown to be 52% and 48% and no significant difference was found between two tests (P>0.05). Conclusion The improved methods could be easily executed and animal models can be easily duplicated.