家庭中儿童躯体虐待及影响因素分析

目的 了解长沙市4～8年级儿童家庭躯体虐待的发生情况及影响因素。方法 采取分层随机整群抽样的方法，在长沙市四个区的中、小学抽取1481名学生，男生793名，女生688名。使用父母—儿童冲突策略量表和儿童自身、父母、家庭因素调查表对儿童躯体虐待现况进行调查和分析。结果 儿童躯体虐待率达62．4％，轻微的52．2％，严重的47．4％，非常严重的21．3％。儿童躯体虐待主要与儿童的性别、年龄、学习成绩、父母的健康相关行为、父母关系、家庭经济状况及家具面积等因素有关联。结论 长沙市4～8年级学生中受父母躯体虐待的现象非常普遍，应引起重视。制定预防措施时应综合考虑儿童自身的、家庭的和父母的等影响因素。

The Current Status and Affecting Factors of Child Physical Abuse in Family

Objective To know the status of child physical abuse in families with student at grade four to eight in changsha, and identify factors relating to child physical abuse. Methods 1481 students from primary and secondary schools distributed over the four districts of changsha city were selected by group and stratified sampling. They were inquired by the Parents-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the questionnaire of affecting factors. Results The rate of child physical abuse was 62.4% (minor 52.2%, severe 47.7% very severe 21.3%) of children. Child physical abuse was statistically associated with child' age, sex, achievement, parents' behaviors related to health, relation ship between father and mother, economic factor and household space. Conclusions The findings indicated that the current status of child physical abuse in families was very serious and should be paid close attention. The intervention on child physical abuse should consider a number of factors, including the characteristics of the child and his or her parents and family.