父母社会经济地位与儿童问题行为的关系:父母生育年龄的中介作用

目的 探讨父母生育年龄对父母社会经济地位与儿童问题行为的中介作用。方法 采取分层整群抽样方法,选取蚌埠市2所幼儿园和2所小学的1-3年级共834名儿童及其父母为研究对象进行问卷调查。儿童的问题行为通过长处和困难问卷进行评估,父母社会经济地位通过社会经济地位量表进行评估。采用多元线性回归和Bootstrap法构建并检验父母生育年龄对父母社会经济地位与儿童问题行为的中介效应。结果 母亲的社会经济地位(β=-0.109,P=0.003)和生育年龄(β=-0.096,P=0.007)均与儿童多动-注意不能呈负相关,母亲社会经济地位与母亲生育年龄则呈正相关(β=0.236,P<0.001)。母亲生育年龄对母亲社会经济地位和儿童多动-注意不能的部分中介效应为-0.059 (95%CI:-0.110--0.018,P=0.007)。结论 较高的母亲社会经济地位可以减少儿童多动-注意不能的发生。父母在努力提高家庭经济收入的同时,应努力提升自己的教养水平,注意儿童问题行为的发生。

Relationship between parents' socioeconomic status and children's problem behavior:the mediating role of parents' childbearing age

Objective To explore the mediating effect of parents' childbearing age on parents' socioeconomic status and children's problem behavior. Methods With a stratified cluster sampling method, a total of 834 students and their parents from two kindergartens and grades 1-3 of two primary schools in Bengbu City were selected as research subjects for a questionnaire survey. The children's problem behavior was assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, while their parents' socioeconomic status was evaluated by Social Economic Statues. Multiple linear regression and Bootstrap method were used to construct and test the mediating effect of parental childbearing age on parents' socioeconomic status and children's problembehavior. Results Mothers' socioeconomic status (β=-0.109, P=0.003) and childbearing age (β=-0.096, P=0.007) were negatively correlated with children's hyperactivity-inattention, while mothers' socioeconomic status was positively correlated with mothers's childbearing age (β=0.236, P<0.001). The partial mediating effect of mother's childbearing age on mother's socioeconomic status and children's hyperactivity-inattention was -0.059 (95%CI:-0.110--0.018, P=0.007). Conclusion A higher maternal socioeconomic status can reduce the occurrence of hyperactivity-inattention in children. Parents should improve their own education level and pay attention to their children's problem behavior while striving hard to improve their family income.