2017-2020年湖南省健康人群脊髓灰质炎病毒抗体水平监测结果分析

目的 调查湖南省健康人群脊髓灰质炎病毒(简称脊灰病毒)中和抗体水平,为预防和控制脊髓灰质炎提供科学依据。方法 对不同年龄段人群的脊灰病毒中和抗体采用微孔塑料板法进行检测。结果 脊灰病毒Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型抗体阳性检出率分别为98.10%和94.79%,几何平均滴度为1∶168.58和1∶77.05。脊灰病毒Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型抗体阳性检出率存在统计学差异,且其几何平均滴度值随着年龄的增加而降低,常德地区的血清抗体阳性检出率和几何平均滴度较其他地区低。在不同性别之间,脊灰病毒Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型抗体及Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型抗体之间的表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 湖南省健康人群对脊髓灰质炎的免疫水平较高,已经建立起有效的免疫防护体系,加强常规免疫及坚持针对性的强化免疫,坚持高水平的免疫覆盖率是目前湖南省“无脊髓灰质炎病毒”状态的重要保障。

Surveillance results of poliovirus antibody level among healthy population in Hunan Province, 2017-2020

Objective To investigate the neutralizing antibody level of poliovirus in healthy people in Hunan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for polio prevention and control. Method A microtitre plate method was used to detect polio neutralizing antibodies in populations of different ages. Results The positive detection rates of antibodies against poliovirus type I and type III were 98.10% and 94.79%, respectively, and the geometric mean titers were 1:168.58 and 1:77.05, respectively. There were significant differences in the positive detection rates of antibodies against poliovirus type I and type III, and the geometric mean titers decreased with the increasing age. The positive detection rates and geometric mean titers of serum antibodies in Changde area were lower than those in other areas of Hunan.No statistically significant differences were found in the positive detection rates of antibodies against poliovirus type I and type III as well as in the geometric mean titers against poliovirus type I and type III between the sexes (P>0.05). Conclusion The polio immunity level of healthy population in Hunan Province is relatively high, and the protective barrier against poliomyelitis has formed. Strengthening routine immunization, adhering to targeted vaccination of at-risk populations and insisting on a high level of immunization coverage are important guarantees for a poliovirus free status in Hunan Province.