2014—2018年深圳市登革热疫情流行特征分析

目的 分析2014—2018年深圳市登革热疫情流行特征,评价防控效果,为制定防控策略提供依据。 方法 收集2014—2018年深圳市所报告登革热病例的个案信息和“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”报告的病例信息,采用office 2010和SPSS 11.5对疫情资料进行整理和分析。 结果 2014—2018年深圳市累计报告登革热病例825例,发病率为0.26/10万～4.21/10万,本地病例499例,其中男性312例(年均发病率0.97/10万),女性187例(年均发病率0.70/10万),男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=12.23,P＜0.001);输入病例326例,男性199例(年均发病率0.61/10万),女性127例(年均发病率0.48/10万),男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.24,P＜0.05)。发病高峰期为9—11月(688例,83.39%)。2014年和2018年波及范围较广(波及街道比分别为68.66%和37.31%)。以工人(252例)、家务及待业(197例)和商业服务(142例)为主,合计占71.55%。 结论 2014—2018年深圳市登革热主要流行于9—11月,青壮年为高危人群。因此在疾病高发季节前加强以杀灭成蚊和清除蚊媒孳生地为主的综合病媒控制措施、针对高危人群开展防蚊宣传等措施可有效控制登革热传播。

Characteristics of epidemic situation of dengue fever in Shenzhen city, 2014-2018

Objective To analyze the characteristics of epidemic situation of dengue fever in Shenzhen city from 2014 to 2018,to evaluate its prevention and control effectiveness so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods We collected the information about dengue fever cases reported in Shenzhen city during 2014-2018 as well as the case information reported by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The epidemic data were collated and analyzed by Office 2010 and SPSS 11.5 software.Results A total of 825 dengue fever cases were cumulatively reported in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2018,and the incidence rates were between 0.26/100,000 and 4.21/100,000.There were 499 local cases,including 312 local male cases(with the average annual incidence rate of 0.97/100,000)and 187 local female cases(with the average annual incidence rate of 0.70/100,000),and no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate between males and females(χ~2=12.23,P<0.001).There were 326 imported cases,including 199 male cases(with the average annual incidence rate of 0.61/100,000)and 127 female cases(with the average annual incidence rate of 0.48/100,000),and no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence rate between males and females(χ~2=5.24,P<0.05).The peak incidence period was from September to November(with a total of 688 cases,accounting for 83.39%).The epidemics in 2014 and 2018 spread widely(the street coverage proportions were 68.66%and 37.31%,respectively).Workers(n=252),homemakers and the unemployed(n=197)and commercial services(n=142)were the mainstays,accounting for 71.55%.Conclusions Dengue fever epidemics in Shenzhen city in 2014-2018 mainly occurred in September-November,and young adults were the high-risk population.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen comprehensive vector control measures based on killing adult mosquitoes and eliminating mosquito breeding sites before the high incidence season for the disease and implement anti-mosquito propaganda measures among high-risk population so as to effectively control dengue fever transmission.