四川省农村外出务工人员重点传染病预防知识认知水平及影响因素研究

目的调查了解农村外出务工人员对重点传染病预防知识的认知水平,并分析其相关影响因素,为开展有针对性的重点传染病预防提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对四川省581名农村外出务工人员进行重点传染病防治知识的问卷调查。结果调查显示能正确区分传染病的农村外出务工人员仅占12.56%,能正确回答艾滋病三大传播途径(血液传播途径、性传播途径、母婴传播途径)的有155人,占26.68%;仅有17.56%的调查对象完全知道乙肝的传播途径;肺结核的临床症状知晓率较高,占73.49%。影响农村外出务工人员重点传染病认知水平的因素主要有年龄(P0.05)、文化程度(P0.01)。结论农村外出务工人员对各种传染病防治知识及相关政策的认知水平均较低,卫生部门应加强对其传染病预防知识的普及教育,以降低传染病的发病率,从而提高其健康水平。

Investigation on the cognitive levels of major infectious diseases prevention and the related influencing factors among rural migrant workers in Sichuan Province

Objective To investigate the cognitive levels of prevention knowledge about major infectious diseases in rural mi- grant workers, to analyze the relevant influencing factors and to provide scientific evidence for conducting targeted preventive in- terventions. Methods Self designed questionnaires were used in survey prevention knowledge about major infectious diseases in 581 rural migrant workers in Sichuan Province. Results The survey showed that the rural migrant workers who correctly distinguished from infectious diseases accounted for only 12.56%. The workers who knew all the three HIV transmission routes （blood transmission, sexual contact and mother- to- infant） occupied 26.68 % （155/581）. Only l 7.56 % of the workers knew exactly the transmission ways of hepatitis B. The awareness rate of clinical symptoms about pulmonary tuberculosis was higher （73.49 % ）. The main factors affecting the workers＇ cognitive levels of major infectious diseases were age （P 〈 0.05） and educa- tion background （P〈0.01）. Conclusions The cognitive levels of prevention knowledge about different infectious diseases and the related policies in the workers are all lower. Health related departments should intensify the publicity and education about prevention knowledge of infectious diseases among peasant workers ,so as to reduce the incidence rates of infectious diseases and promote their own health.