2015年株洲市居民伤害死亡原因及潜在减寿年数分析

目的 了解2015年株洲市居民伤害死亡水平、特征及潜在寿命损失情况,为伤害的预防和控制提供科学的决策依据。 方法 利用2015年株洲市死因监测资料,通过死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均潜在减寿年数(AYLL)等指标分析居民伤害死亡和减寿的主要原因,率的比较采用χ²检验。 结果 2015年株洲市居民伤害死亡率38.85/10万(标化死亡率为36.55/10万),男女标化死亡率分别为30.86/10万和44.70/10万,女性高于男性(χ²=44.51,P=0.000)。因伤害导致的潜在减寿年数是30 058人年,导致的平均潜在减寿年数为26.65年。道路交通事故、意外跌落、溺水、自杀和意外中毒是伤害的主要死因。0~岁年龄段以溺水为主,15~岁、45~岁年龄段以道路交通事故为主, 65~岁年龄段以意外跌落为主。 结论 伤害是2015年株洲市居民最主要死亡原因,疾病负担重,严重影响居民期望寿命的提高,应根据本地实际情况,针对不同人群特征开展伤害防治工作。

Causes of injury death and potential years of life lostamong residents in Zhuzhou City, 2015

Objective To investigate the level and characteristics of injury death and the situation of potential years of life lost (PYLL) among residents in Zhuzhou City in 2015, and to provide a scientific decision basis for injury prevention and control. Methods On the basis of the data about monitoring of causes of deaths in Zhuzhou City in 2015, we analyzed the main causes of injury deaths and PYLL among residents by using the indicators, including the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, sequence of death causes, PYLL and average potential years of life lost (AYLL). The comparison of rate was performed by using Chi-square test. Results The mortality rate of residents in Zhuzhou City in 2015 was 38.85/100,000 (with the standardized mortality rate being 36.55/100,000). The standardized mortality rate was higher in females than in males (44.70/100,000 vs. 30.86/100,000, χ²=44.51, P=0.000). The PYLL and AYLL due to injuries were 30,058 person-years and 26.6 years respectively. Road traffic accident, accidental fall, drowning, suicide and accidental poisoning were the leading causes of injury-related deaths. Most drowning deaths occurred in the age group of 0~ year, most road traffic accident deaths in the age groups of 15- and 45- years, and most accidental fall deaths in the age group of 65- years. Conclusions Injury was the main cause of deaths among residents in Zhuzhou City in 2015. The burden of disease from injury is heavy and seriously affects the improvement of life expectancy of residents. It is necessary to conduct injury prevention and control work based on the local actual condition and characteristics of different crowds.