上海市某区基层卫生工作者慢病状况调查及相关因素研究

目的 了解上海市某区社区卫生服务中心卫生工作者慢性疾病现状及相关影响因素,为开展早期防治提供建议。 方法 采用方便抽样方法,以该区全体基层卫生工作者为调查对象,对慢性非传染性疾病的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。 结果 共发放问卷1 816份,独立完成知情同意的人数为1 515人,应答率83.43%。平均年龄(38.77±8.07)岁,研究对象慢性疾病检出率为53.07%。按国际疾病分类患病率前三位依次为肌肉骨骼系统疾病47.79%、消化系统疾病46.73%、泌尿生殖系统疾病22.77%。患病率在10%以上的病种共13种,前三位分别是颈椎病34.72%、龋齿21.72%、视疲劳18.68%。基层卫生工作者的职业紧张发生率为11.55%,在卫生技术人员中为12.26%。多因素回归分析结果显示影响基层卫生工作者慢性疾病患病率的危险因素包括女性(OR=1.506, 95%CI:1.079～2.102),35～44岁(OR=2.568, 95%CI:1.752～3.766),45～65岁(OR=3.766, 95%CI:1.965～7.026),收入7～11万(OR=1.812, 95%CI:1.214～2.706),收入＞11万(OR=1.649,95%CI:1.064～2.555),工龄≥21年(OR=2.077, 95%CI:1.156～3.732),业务培训＞1次/周(OR=1.829, 95%CI:1.329～2.517),职业紧张(OR=2.533, 95%CI:1.469～4.368)。已婚(OR=0.596, 95%CI:0.426～0.835)为其保护因素。 结论 基层卫生工作者慢性疾病患病率较高,相关部门需针对危险因素进行有效干预,促进卫生工作者健康。

Status of chronic diseases and its related factors among grassroots health workers in a certain district of Shanghai Municipality

Objective To investigate the current situation of chronic diseases and its related influencing factors among health workers in a community health service center in a certain district of Shanghai Municipality, and to provide suggestions for conducting early prevention and treatment. Methods All grassroots health workers in the district were selected as the surveyed subjects by a convenience sampling method. And logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing chronic non-communicable diseases. Results A total of 1,816 questionnaires were sent out, and 1,515 subjects completed the questionnaires independently after obtaining informed consent, with a response rate of 83.43%. The average age was(38.77±8.07) years old, and the detection rate of chronic diseases in the subjects was 53.07%. According to the International Classification of Diseases, the top three diseases were musculoskeletal system diseases(47.79%), digestive system diseases(46.73%) and genitourinary system diseases(22.77%). There were 13 kinds of diseases with a prevalence of more than 10%, and the top three were cervical spondylosis(34.72%), dental caries(21.72%) and visual fatigue(18.68%). The incidence rates of occupational stress in the grassroots health workers and health technicians were 11.55% and 12.26%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis results indicated that the risk factors affecting the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in the grassroots health workers included females(OR=1.506, 95%CI: 1.079-2.102), 35-44 years old(OR=2.568, 95%CI: 1.752-3.766), 45-65 years old(OR=3.766, 95%CI: 1.965-7.026), earning an income of ￥ 70,000-110,000(OR=1.812, 95%CI: 1.214-2.706), earning an income of more than ￥ 110,000(OR=1.649, 95%CI: 1.064-2.555), working experience ≥ 21 years(OR=2.077, 95%CI: 1.156-3.732), professional training > once per week(OR=1.829, 95%CI: 1.329-2.517), professional stress(OR=2.533,95%CI: 1. 469-4. 368). Being married( OR = 0. 596,95% CI: 0. 426-0. 835) was a protective factor. Conclusion The prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the grassroots health workers is high. The relevant departments need to take effective interventions based on the risk factors so as to promote the grassroots health workers’ health.