盐城地区2型糖尿病患者自我管理小组活动效果评价及影响因素研究

目的 分析盐城地区2型糖尿病患者自我管理对空腹血糖及自我效能干预的效果,探讨影响空腹血糖改善的可能因素。方法 选择2018年盐城市部分街道和乡镇1 085名2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象。以调查问卷形式,对规范完成8次自我管理小组活动患者的空腹血糖、自我管理效果进行评价。结果 不同人口学特征糖尿病患者自我管理小组活动前后血糖改变情况比较,结果显示:以前是否参加过糖尿病管理小组(Z=-2.080,P=0.038)、糖尿病治疗方式(Z=-2.662,P=0.008),活动前后血糖差值差异有统计学意义;糖尿病患者自我管理小组活动后,研究对象在空腹血糖值(t=7.107,P=0.000)、自我效能(t=23.309,P=0.000)、行为方式得分(t=17.685,P=0.000)上与活动前相比,差异有统计学意义;多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄(β=-0.107)、文化程度(β=-0.182)、糖尿病病史(β=0.121)、以往是否参加过自我管理小组活动(β=0.282)、行为方式得分(β=-0.091)是影响空腹血糖改善的因素(P＜0.05)。结论 开展糖尿病自我管理可以有效提升患者的自我效能和行为方式,改善患者空腹血糖状况。

Effect evaluation and influencing factors of self-management group activities in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yancheng region

Objective To analyze the effect of self-management on fasting blood glucose and self-efficacy intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yancheng region, and to explore the possible factors affecting the improvement of fasting blood glucose. Methods A total of 1,085 patients with type 2 diabetes in some streets and towns in Yancheng city in 2018 wereselected as the research subjects. The fasting blood glucose and self-management effects of patients who completed 8 self-management group activities were evaluated by questionnaires. Results Comparison of blood glucose changes before and after self-management group activities in the diabetes patients with different demographic characteristics showed that there were statistically significant differences in blood glucose changes before and after the activities between patients participating and not participating in the diabetes management team(Z=-2.080, P=0.038) as well as between patients with and without therapy for diabetes (Z=-2.662, P=0.008). The diabetes patients’ fasting blood glucose value (t=7.107, P=0.000), self-efficacy (t=23.309, P=0.000) and behavioral score (t=17.685, P=0.000) after the self-management group activities showed statistically significant differences as compared with those before the self-management group activities. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (β=-0.107), educational background (β=-0.182), history of diabetes (β=0.121), previous participation in self-management group activities (β=0.282) and behavioral score (β=-0.091) were factors affecting the improvement of fasting blood glucose (all P<0.05). Conclusions Conducting diabetes self-management can effectively improve the patients’ self-efficacy and behavior, and improve their fasting blood glucose status.