武汉市6~10岁儿童磨牙-切牙矿化不全的现状及影响因素分析

目的 探究武汉市6~10岁儿童磨牙-切牙矿化不全(molar-incisor hypomineralization, MIH)的现状及相关影响因素分析。方法 应用分层整群随机抽样调查方法,选择2016年6月—2019年3月期间933例6~10岁儿童作为研究对象,根据口腔筛查结果,将研究对象分成MIH组(n=47)和正常组(n=886)。多因素回归分析发生MIH的影响因素并建立其预测模型。结果 在933例6~10岁儿童调查对象中,MIH发病率为5.04%(47/933)。logistic回归分析表明喜欢碳酸饮料(OR=2.782, 95%CI:1.142~6.772)、每日刷牙次数(0~1次)(OR=2.721, 95%CI:1.245~5.948)、出生低体质量(OR=1.842, 95%CI:1.149~2.955)、抗生素频繁使用(OR=2.392, 95%CI:1.331~4.298)及主要抚养人了解口腔疾病(OR=0.371, 95%CI:0.206~0.669)等5项指标是发生MIH的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 武汉市933例6~10岁儿童MIH患病率为5.04%,喜欢碳酸饮料、每日刷牙次数、出生低体质量、抗生素频繁使用和主要抚养人了解口腔疾病等因素是MIH发生的独立影响因素。

Current situation and influencing factors of molar-incisor hypomineralization among children aged 6-10 years in Wuhan city

Objective To explore the current status of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and its related influencing factors among children aged 6-10 years in Wuhan city. Methods With the stratified cluster random sampling method, we selected 933 children aged 6-10 years to serve as the research subjects from June 2016 to March 2019. According to the results of oral screening, the subjects were divided into the MIH group (n=47) and the normal group (n=886). Multivariant logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing the occurrence of MIH, and the forecast model was established. Results Among the 933 children aged 6-10 years, the prevalence rate of MIH was 5.04% (47/933). Logistic regression analysis showed that having a preference for carbonated drinks (OR=2.782, 95%CI:1.142-6.772), the number of daily tooth-brushing (0-1 times/day) (OR=2.721, 95%CI:1.245-5.948), low birth weight (OR=1.842, 95%CI:1.149-2.955), frequent use of antibiotics (OR=2.392, 95%CI:1.331-4.298) and understanding of oral diseases by major caregivers (OR=0.371, 95%CI:0.206-0.669) were the independent factors influencing the occurrence of MIH (all P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rate of MIH in 933 children aged 6-10 years in Wuhan city was 5.04%, and the independent factors influencing the occurrence of MIH were having a preference for carbonated drinks, the number of brushing teeth per day, low birth weight, frequent use of antibiotics and understanding of oral diseases by major caregivers.