痛风患者复发现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解痛风患者痛风发作频率现状，分析其影响因素，为有针对性地预防和治疗痛风频发提供参考。方法 以2020年4月—2021年2月就诊于成都某风湿病专科医院的痛风患者为研究对象。收集研究对象的人口学特征、既往疾病史、行为生活方式、血生化指标，采用单因素分析、多分类logistic回归模型分析痛风患者发作频率的影响因素。检验水准α= 0.05。结果 498例痛风患者中，51（10.2%）例患者发作频率为1～2次/年，227（45.6%）例为3～4次/年，220（44.2%）例为5～26次/年。饮酒（χ2 = 7.011，P = 0.030）、蔬菜类（χ2 = 13.136，P = 0.001）、豆制品（χ2 = 5.986，P = 0.050）、牛奶/奶粉/羊奶（χ2 = 6.544，P = 0.038）、猪肥肉（χ2 = 7.957，P = 0.019）、是否规律作息（χ2 = 8.293，P = 0.014）在三组发作频率患者之间差异均有统计学意义。与发作频率为1～2次/年的患者相比，饮酒（OR = 1.95，95%CI:1.03～3.68）为发作频率3～4次/年患者的危险因素，每周2次豆制品摄入（OR = 2.96，95%CI:1.49～5.86）为发作频率5～26次/年患者的危险因素。结论 痛风患者大多一年发作3次以上，饮酒、食用豆制品是增加发作频率的危险因素，应针对这些危险因素，采取相应的预防措施。

Analysis of recurrence status and influencing factors of gout patients

Objective To understand the current situation of gout attack frequency in patients with gout and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of frequent gout. Methods Gout patients treated in a hospital of rheumatology in Chengdu from April 2020 to February 2021 were selected as subjects. Demographic characteristics, past disease history, behavioral lifestyle, and serum biochemicals were collected. Univariate analysis and multi-classification logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence frequency of gout patients (test level α=0.05). Results Among the 498 patients with gout, 51 (10.2%) had 1 to 2 attacks per year, 227 (45.6%) had 3 to 4 attacks per year, and 220 (44.2%) had 5 to 26 attacks per year. Drinking alcohol (χ2=7.011, P=0.030), vegetables (χ2=13.136, P=0.001), soy products (χ2=5.986, P=0.050), milk/milk powder/goat’s milk (χ2=6.544, P=0.038), pork fat (χ2=7.957, P=0.019) and regular work and rest (χ2=8.293, P=0.014) had statistical significance among the three groups. Alcohol consumption (OR=1.95, 95%CI:1.03-3.68) was a risk factor for patients with 3 to 4 attacks per year and soy product consumption twice a week (OR=2.96, 95%CI:1.49-5.86) was a risk factor for patients with 5 to 26 attacks per year, compared with patients with 1 to 2 attacks per year. Conclusion Most patients with gout have more than three attacks a year. Drinking alcohol and eating soy products are risk factors that increase the frequency of attacks, and corresponding preventive measures should be taken in view of these risk factors.