我国中老年人群骨关节炎罹患现状及其关联因素分析

目的 了解我国中老年人群罹患骨关节炎现状及其关联因素。方法 采用2015年和2018年中国健康养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，纳入中老年人群（≥45岁）作为研究对象，运用χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析中老年人群骨关节炎的关联因素。结果 纳入7 050名中老年人，骨关节炎患病率为33.69％。多因素logistic回归结果表明，从个体社会人口学特征看，年龄≥60岁（OR = 2.254，95%CI:1.985～2.558）、女性（OR = 1.353，95%CI:1.200～1.527）是骨关节炎的危险因素；从慢性病患病情况看，患有高血压（OR = 1.228，95%CI:1.072～1.408）、心脏病（OR = 1.607，95%CI:1.361～1.897）、中风（OR = 2.303，95%CI:1.604～3.306）、肾脏疾病（OR = 2.147，95%CI:1.744～2.644）、胃部疾病或消化系统疾病（OR = 2.810，95%CI:2.487～3.175）是骨关节炎的危险因素；从居住环境看，居住在城市地区（OR = 0.637，95%CI:0.541～0.750）、住房有电梯（OR = 0.879，95%CI:0.785～0.985）、坐式厕所（OR = 0.669，95%CI:0.580～0.770）是骨关节炎的保护因素。结论 我国中老年人群骨关节炎患病状况不容乐观，其关联因素是多方面的，应从个体层面到环境层面重视对骨关节炎的防控。

Analysis of associated factors of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older population in China

Objective To explore the current situation and the associated factors of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older people in China. Methods Using the data of the middle-aged and older population above 45 years old in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 and 2018, associated factors of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older population were analyzed by χ2 test and Multivariate Logistic regression. Results A total of 7 050 participants were included in the study, and the prevalence rate of osteoarthritis was 33.69%. Regarding individual sociodemographic characteristics, age over 60 (OR=2.254, 95%CI: 1.985-2.558) and female (OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.200-1.527) were risk factors for osteoarthritis. Regarding chronic disease comorbidities, other chronic diseases, including hypertension (OR=1.228, 95%CI: 1.072-1.408), heart disease (OR=1.607, 95%CI: 1.361-1.897), stroke (OR=2.303, 95%CI: 1.604-3.306), kidney disease (OR=2.147, 95%CI: 1.744-2.644), and stomach disease or digestive disease (OR=2.810, 95%CI: 2.487-3.175) were risk factors for osteoarthritis. Regarding living environment, living in the urban areas (OR=0.637, 95%CI: 0.541-0.750) and housing with elevator (OR=0.879, 95%CI: 0.785-0.985) and sitting toilet (OR=0.669, 95%CI: 0.580-0.770) were the protective factors of osteoarthritis. Conclusion The situation of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and elderly people is not optimistic. The related factors are many, and the prevention and control of osteoarthritis should be paid more attention to from the individual level to the environmental level.