疫情防控常态化背景下疫苗集中接种点医务人员职业倦怠现况调查

目的 本研究调查新冠疫苗全面接种时期相关医务人员的职业倦怠状况,探讨个体因素以及社会支持对倦怠水平的影响。方法 在南京市12个行政区中随机抽取4个辖区的新冠疫苗集中接种点,将全部医务人员共428名作为研究对象进行问卷调查,问卷包括人口学特征、中文版职业倦怠量表和社会支持量表。结果 医务人员情感耗竭、人格解体、个人成就感降低维度得分分别为(17.99±7.89)、(7.20±3.52)和(12.07±5.30)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,上司支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)、同事支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)为情感耗竭的保护因素,已婚、问诊岗位为情感耗竭的危险因素(β=0.161、β=0.095,P值均< 0.05),女性是人格解体的保护因素(β=-0.096,P< 0.05),亲友支持(β=-0.235, P< 0.05)是人格解体的保护因素,已婚是人格解体的危险因素(β=0.142,P< 0.05),同事支持(β=-0.168, P< 0.05)、亲友支持(β=-0.210, P< 0.05)、工龄(β=-0.154, P< 0.05)为个人成就感降低的保护因素,硕士学历是个人成就感降低的危险因素(β=0.126,P < 0.05)。结论 重视提高全方面社会支持,重点关注已婚、男性、硕士学历以及较短工龄医务人员的心理健康。

Job burnout of medical workers in centralized vaccination sites during normalized epidemic prevention and control period

Objective To investigate the job burnout level of medical workers who worked in centralized COVID-19 vaccination sites during normalized epidemic prevention and control period, and to explore the impact of individual factors and social support on the burnout level among medical workers. Methods A total of 428 medical workers from four administrative regions of Nanjing were selected as research subjects. To assess job burnout levels, and explore the affecting factors of job burnout and the impact of social support, we designed an online questionnaire which included demographic characteristics, Chinese Maslach job burnout inventory and social support scale. Results The scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment among medical workers who worked in centralized COVID-19 vaccination sites in Nanjing were(17.99±7.89),(7.20±3.52)and(12.07±5.30), respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that supervisor support(β=-0.180, P<0.05), colleagues support(β=-0.180, P<0.05)were protective factors of emotional exhaustion, while married and consultation were risk factors of emotional exhaustion(β=0.161, β=0.095, P<0.05). Female was the protective factor of depersonalization(β=-0.096, P<0.05). Familial support(β=-0.235, P<0.05)was also the protective factor of depersonalization, while being married was the risk factors of depersonalization(β=0.142, P<0.05). Colleagues support(β=-0.168, P<0.05), familial support(β=-0.210, P<0.05), working years(β=-0.154, P<0.05)were the protective factors of low personal accomplishment(P<0.05), and master’s degree was a risk factor for low personal accomplishment(β=0.126, P<0.05). Conclusion In the context of normalized epidemic prevention and control period, we should pay attention to improving the social support in various aspects, caring for the long-serving-years, married and high-professional title workers, which can effectively alleviate the job burnout level of the medical workers in centralized vaccination sites in Nanjing.