医疗卫生机构气候韧性和环境可持续评价工具研究进展

目的 气候变化给医疗卫生机构带来诸多不确定性威胁,医疗卫生机构亟需提高自身的气候韧性并采取积极的应对措施,如何系统评价医疗卫生机构应对气候变化的能力成为应对气候变化挑战的工作重点。方法 使用范围综述筛选医疗卫生机构气候韧性和环境可持续评价工具相关文献和最新进展,并对密切相关的文献采用引文检索拓展研究范围。结果 借鉴国际经验已开发出适用于我国的《绿色医院建筑评价标准》,但对于医疗卫生机构气候韧性的指南和要求仍在探索中。国际上已经发展了三套较完整的工具包和指南,并已探索性开展了实地应用,包括加拿大的医疗卫生机构气候变化韧性工具包、美国的可持续和气候韧性医疗卫生机构工具包,以及世界卫生组织的气候韧性和环境可持续性的医疗卫生机构指南。结论 医疗卫生机构气候韧性和环境可持续能力评价工具构建是开展脆弱性评估和干预的基础,应积极借鉴国外相关经验开发适宜我国的评价工具,以增强机构和人员应对气候变化的能力。

Progress on evaluation tools of climate resilience and environmental sustainbility in health care facilities

Objective Facing the uncertain threats brought by climate change, health care facilities urge to build climate resilience and carry out positive response measures. How to systematically evaluate the capacity of health care facilities to respond to climate change has become the focus of addressing climate change. Method A scoping review method was used to address recent progress about the evaluation tools of climate resilience and environmental sustainability in health care facilities, and citation retrieval was used to expand the research scope of closely related literature. Results The review found that China has developed the Evaluation Standard for Green Healthcare Construction, though, the guidelines and requirements for climate resilience of health care facilities need to be explored continually. Three complete toolkits and guidance have been developed internationally and have guided construction of local health care facilities, including Canadian Health Care Facility Climate Change Resiliency Toolkit, U.S. Sustainable and Climate Resilient Health Care Facilities Toolkit and WHO Guidance for Climate Resilient and Environmentally Sustainable Health Care Facilities. Conclusion The evaluation tools of climate resilience and environmental sustainability is the foundation to assess climate vulnerabilities and implement related interventions. That inspires us to refer to foreign researches and develop an appropriate domestic evaluation tool to enhance the ability of institutions and personnel to deal with climate change.