卫辉市消除麻疹措施的效果评价

目的 研究消除麻疹措施的有效性，为逐步减少麻疹传播提供依据。方法 应用分析性流行病学方法，分析含麻疹成分疫苗常规免疫接种率、强化免疫接种率、查漏补种接种率、麻疹监测与麻疹发病率及发病年龄变化等特点。 结果 卫辉市1966年开始接种麻疹疫苗、1978年开始实行计划免疫、2002年开始麻疹监测，各阶段麻疹年均发病率分别为249.33/10万、12.12/10万、8.74/10万，其中2002年、2012—2013年、2017—2020年麻疹发病均为0。2002—2020年卫辉市共确诊麻疹219例，8月龄以下及20岁以上人群麻疹发病增多，其中8月龄以下76例，占34.70%，20岁以上42例，占19.18%。2012年对1～15岁儿童开展麻疹抗体水平检测，共检测1952人，麻疹抗体阳性率96.93%。结论 通过实施消除麻疹措施，麻疹发病率明显下降，但是麻疹发病年龄已发生明显变化。

Effect evaluation of measures to eliminate measles,Weihui City

Objective To investigate the current status of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in the occupational health checkup population in Shanghai, evaluate the relationship between personal lifestyle and HP infection, and explore the possible risk factors for HP infection. It will provide a reference basis for formulating strategies to prevent HP infection among the occupational health screening population in Shanghai.]Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select the Shanghai professional population who underwent the HP test in the East China Nursing Home from May 2020 to October 2020 as the research objects. According to the HP test results, they were divided into a positive group (1 045 cases) and a negative group ( 3 203 cases), compared the differences in physical examination, laboratory examination and lifestyle between the two groups, and used Logistic regression to explore the risk factors of HP infection.]Results Among the 4 248 occupational health screening population in this study, the HP positive detection rate was 24.6%, and the HP infection rate in the 60-65 age group was the lowest, only 16.3%, infection rates varied by age group (x2=4.757，P<0.05). The prevalence of HP infection was significantly higher in the occupational health screening population with a history of smoking (x2=32.819, P<0.001) and drinking (x2=8.499, P<0.05)) than in the non-smoking and drinking population. Body mass index (BMI) (x2=3.610,P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (t=3.254, P<0.05), diastolic blood pressure (t=4.113, P<0.001), fasting blood glucose (t=2.648,P<0.05) and cholesterol (t=2.112,P<0.05) were higher than those in the negative group. Logistic regression showed that physical strength at work (OR=1.206, 95%CI: 1.034-1.406), frequent entertainment (OR=1.161, 95%CI: 1.015-1.329), smoking history (OR=1.236, 95%CI: 1.124-1.359), body mass index (OR=1.026, 95%CI: 1.003-1.050), fasting blood glucose (OR=1.084, 95%CI: 1.012-1.161) were the risk factors for HP infection. 60-65 years old age group (OR=0.520, 95%CI: 0.332-0.814) and eating fruits (OR=0.902, 95%CI: 0.818-0.994) are protective factors for HP infection.]Conclusion The HP positive rate of Shanghai’s occupational health screening population of 24.6% is significantly lower than the average level of our country; HP infection is closely related to lifestyles.