新报告HIV感染者/AIDS基线病毒载量水平与CD4+/CD8+比值分析

目的 分析江西省2015—2019年新报告艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV感染者/AIDS)的基线病毒载量水平与其细胞免疫水平之间的关系。方法 对2015—2019年在江西省疾病预防控制中心确证的HIV感染者/AIDS进行基线CD4⁺T淋巴细胞、CD8⁺T淋巴细胞和病毒载量检测,用SPSS软件对数据进行相关性分析和二元logistic回归分析。结果 新报告HIV感染者/AIDS 513例,CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数中位数为209个/μl,CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值中位数为0.233,病毒载量中位数为5.06 log₁₀ 拷贝/ml。病毒载量水平与CD4⁺T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值总体呈显著负相关; CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值<0.20 的HIV感染者/AIDS其病毒载量≥10⁵拷贝/ml的风险为CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值≥0.20的3.775倍。结论 江西省新报告HIV感染者/AIDS中高病毒载量比例高,中位病毒载量高,CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值<0.2是高病毒载量的预测因素。应进一步加强扩大检测人群和比例,尽早发现感染者并进行抗病毒治疗,提高患者期望寿命。

Relationship between baseline viral load and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of newly reported HIV/AIDS

Objective To analyse the relationship between baseline viral load and cellular immunity of newly reported HIV/AIDS in Jiangxi province during 2015-2019. Methods Baseline CD4⁺T lymphocytes, CD8⁺T lymphocytes and viral load were detected in HIV/AIDS patients confirmed in Jiangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2015 to December 2019, and correlation analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were made by using SPSS statistical software. Results 513 HIV/AIDS patients were newly reported. The median CD4⁺T lymphocyte count and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio were 209 cells/μl and 0.233, and the median logarithmic viral load was 5.06 copies/ml. The level of viral load was negatively correlated with CD4⁺T lymphocytes count and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio; the risk of HIV/AIDS patients with CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio of less than 0.20 with a viral load of more than 10⁵ copies/ml was 3.775 times that of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio of more than 0.20. Conclusion Among newly reported HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangxi Province, the proportion of high viral load is high, the median viral load is high, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio less than 0.2 is a risk factor for high viral load. Further efforts should be made to expand the number of people and the proportion of patients tested, and to detect the infected as soon as possible and provide antiviral therapy to improve the life expectancy of patients.