对城市社区静脉吸毒人群AIDS相关行为及同伴教育的分析性研究

目的：分析社区静脉吸毒人群（IDUs）艾滋病相关行为特点及目前同伴教育的开展情况，提出建议。方法：以定性和定量相结合方法对某市城市社区静脉吸毒人群和疾控中心相关工作人员进行调查。结果：IDUs对艾滋病知识已有相当程度了解。共用注射器情况在减少。但仍有37．1％的对象近半年内共用过注射器。90％的对象有固定的活动圈子，圈子中毒友相处时间平均约4．5年，圈子中存在“核心人物”。在和固定性伴、非固定性伴、商业性性工作者发生性行为时，安全套的使用率分别为28．6％、53．3％、60．0％。结论：1）仅知识的增加并不足以阻止HIV在IDUs中传播；2）应更加关注HIV由IDUs经性途径向非高危人群传播的可能性；3）同伴教育的基础是IDUs“圈子”和“核心人物”的存在，但也受“圈子”和“核心人物”特点的限制。故其作用不宜高估；4）同伴教育的策略方法应予改进。

THE RESEARCH OF AIDS- RELATED BEHAVIORS OF IDUS AND PEER EDUCATION EFFECTS ON IDUS IN CITY COMMUNITY

Objective:To analysis the AIDS-related behavior of IDUS and peer education effect on IDUs in a city community.Method:A community-based qualitative and quantitative survey was implemented by using snowball sampling approach in peer educators to get 151 IDUs.Results:majority of IDUs who were surveyed had some sort of knowledge of HIV and the Syringe Shareing was reducing,but still 37.1% of IDUs have shared the syringe in the recent half year.90% of IDUs lived in a fixed group which existing for 4.5 years in average.There are key members in some groups.18% of IDUs had sex activities in the recent 12 months and 28.6%,53.3%,60.0% of them had used condoms with regular,casual and commercial sexual partners.Conclusion:1)Only knowledge improving is not enough to stop HIV transmission in IDUs;2)More attention should be paid to the probability that the HIV transmission which from IDUs to common people by sex;3)the effect of peer education should not be overrated,because the basis of carrying out the peer education is the existing group and especially core members in IDUs,but some of their characteristics may cause disadvantages in HIV prevention;4)The strategy and method of peer education should be improved.