生活饮用水铊短期超标的风险评估探讨

目的 针对2017年突发饮用水铊污染事件，开展饮用水中铊短期暴露对人群健康的风险评估。方法 结合国家十二五重大专项课题“突发事件供水短期暴露风险与应急管控技术研究”科研成果，采用收集和分析相关数据、确定健康效应分离点、选择不确定系数和推导短期饮水水质安全浓度的健康风险评价模型开展短期暴露健康风险评估。结果 饮用水中铊短期暴露饮水水质安全浓度（SWSC）为0.007mg/L。2017年嘉陵江饮用水铊污染事件中铊最高浓度为0.00059mg/L，虽超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749-2006）的限值要求，但处于短期暴露饮水水质安全浓度范围内。结论 本次污染事件铊的短期暴露健康风险处于可接受水平。

Risk assessment of short-term excessive Thallium contamination in drinking water

To assess the human health risk short-term exposure to thallium during thallium contamination incident of drinking water in 2017. Methods Combined with the scientific research results of the project "Research on short-term exposure risk and Emergency Management and Control Technology of emergency water supply", the short-term exposure health risk assessment was carried out by collecting and analyzing the relevant data, determining the health effects point of departure, selecting uncertainty factor and deducing Short Term Safe Concentration of Drinking Water(SWSC). Results The SWSC of thallium in drinking water was 0.007 mg/L. In 2017, the thallium concentration of Jialing River drinking water pollution event was up to 0.00059 mg/L. Although it exceeded the limit requirement of “Standards for drinking water quality”(GB5749-2006), it was still within the safe concentration range of SWSC. Conclusion The short-term health risk of exposure to thallium in this incident was at an acceptable level.