2018—2020年新疆生产建设兵团儿童和孕妇碘营养状况分析

目的 评价新疆生产建设兵团（简称兵团）儿童和孕妇碘营养状况，为兵团制定科学补碘策略提供依据。方法 收集兵团2018—2020年依照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案（2016版）》监测数据进行分析。结果 2018—2020年共采集盐样12576份，盐碘中位数（四分位数间距）为27.3（25.0~29.8）mg/kg，碘盐覆盖率为99.78%，合格碘盐食用率为97.62%；3年共检查8~10岁儿童共7 814人，儿童甲状腺肿大率（甲肿率）为1.31%，尿碘中位数（四分位数间距）为204.7（153.8~278.0）μg/L，不同年份、性别及年龄组间尿碘水平比较均存在统计学差异（H=278.917、Z=-3.354、H=52.458，P<0.05），在7814份尿样中有1514份尿样尿碘浓度大于300μg/L，占比19.4%。共检查孕妇3855人，尿碘中位数（四分位数间距）为183.8（132.3~244.8）μg/L，不同年份间孕妇尿碘水平比较存在统计学差异（H=39.689，P<0.05），尿碘浓度小于150μg/L的有1279份，占比33.2%。结论 在2018—2020年兵团儿童、孕妇碘营养水平总体适宜，但有19.4%的儿童碘营养过剩，33.2%的孕妇碘营养缺乏，需对这两类人群进行分类指导，在加强孕妇补碘的同时应减少儿童的碘摄入量。

Iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 2018—2020

To evaluate the iodine nutrition status of children and pregnant women in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(the Corps), and to provide a theoretical basis for the Corps to make strategies for iodine supplementation scientifically. Methods The monitoring data of the Corps from 2018 to 2020 was collected and analysed according to the national iodine deficiency disease monitoring plan(2016 Edition). Results A total of 12 576 salt samples were collected in 2018—2020, and the median of salt iodine was 27.3 mg/kg. The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.78% and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.62%. 7 814 children aged 8 to 10 years were examined in the 3 years, the childhood goiter rate was 1.31% and the median urinary iodine(interquartile interval) was 204.7(153.8-278.0) μg/L. The differences in urinary iodine levels between years, sexes and age groups were statistically significant(H=278.917, Z=-3.354, H=52.458, P<0.05). Among the 7 814 urine samples, 1 514 urine samples had urinary iodine concentrations greater than 300 μg/L, accounting for 19.4%. 3 855 pregnant women were examined. The median urinary iodine(interquartile interval) was 183.8(132.3-244.8) μg/L, with statistically significant differences between years(H=39.689, P<0.05). 1 279(33.2%) of them had urinary iodine concentrations less than 150 μg/L. Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in the Corps was generally appropriate, but 19.4% of children have excess iodine nutrition and 33.2% of pregnant women have iodine nutrition deficiency, which requires classification of these two groups of people. Guidance should be given to strengthening iodine supplementation in pregnant women while reducing iodine intake in children.