普定县儿童乙肝疫苗接种率及影响因素调查

目的]了解贵州省普定县乙肝疫苗接种工作开展情况以及影响新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率的有关因素,为今后提高贵州省乙肝疫苗计划免疫接种率提供科学依据。方法]采用容量比例组群抽样方法调查普定县30个行政村,每个村调查2003年1月1日～2003年12月31日出生的7名儿童。结果]调查儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率为85.45%,首针及时接种率为27.22%。乙肝疫苗全程接种率与家长对乙肝防治知识的知晓率、父母的学历、民族、分娩地点等因素有关;首针不及时接种的原因与家长不知道要接种、在外地出生、医生不来接种等因素有关。结论]该县应大力开展健康教育;提高住院分娩率;加强村级接生员的培训等工作以提高疫苗首针及时接种率和全程合格接种率。

INVESTIGATION ON CHILDREN IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE RATE OF HEPATITIS B VACCINE AND THE INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

Objective]To understand the hepatitis B(HB)vaccination situation of Puding county and its influential factors,so as to provide basis for raising the immunization coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine of Guizhou Province in future.Methods]By the method of Probability Proportinate to Size(PPS),the children born in 2003 in 30 villages of Puding county were investigated and 7 children were chose in one village.Results]The whole course vaccination rate were 85.45%,the rate of timely vaccination for first dose was 27.22%.The whole course vaccination rate of HB was affected by the children parents' knowledge level of HB prevention,educational backgroud,nation,delivery place and so on.Not timely first dose resulted from ignorance of vaccination time,born in outside areas and without vaccination of doctor.Conclusions]The rate of timely vaccination for first dose and the qualified rate of the whole course should be improved by carrying out health education,enhancing the rate of delivery in hospital and strenghtening training of matrical midwifes.