艾滋病相关社会歧视的差序格局研究

目的了解艾滋病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(PLWHA,people living with HIV/AIDS)、PLWHA的家属和普通村民对PLWHA及其家属的社会歧视差序格局,并分析造成艾滋病相关社会歧视的原因。方法自制调查问卷,对乡村艾滋病流行区的117名PLWHA、190名相应的PLWHA的家属、非艾滋病流行区的216名普通村民,进行面对面的问卷调查。结果艾滋病相关社会歧视在艾滋病流行区的PLWHA、PLWHA的家属和非艾滋病流行区的普通村民之间存在统计学差异(F=351.088,P=0.000),且这种差异有一定的格局,基本上随着关系的亲疏而呈递增递显的趋势。多因素Logistic回归分析发现与PLWHA的接触程度(OR=0.268,P=0.000)、艾滋病知晓得分(OR=0.825,P=0.001)、对PLWHA处境的理解(OR=1.102,P=0.000)与艾滋病相关社会歧视存在关联,可能是艾滋病相关社会歧视的影响因素。结论目前我国仍普遍存在对PLWHA及其家属的社会歧视,且这种社会歧视存在差异格局的特点,因此应针对这些特点提出可行的策略和措施。

Study on the difference pattern of HIV related social discrimination

OBJECTIVE To understand the difference pattern of HIV related social discrimination to the PLWHAS(people living with HIV/AIDS)and PLWHAS family members from normal people,and analyze the influential factors of HIV related social discrimination.METHODS Among 523 people were investigated,117 of them were PLWHAS,and 190 of them were their family members lived in epidemic areas,and the others were normal people lived in non-epidemic areas.Face to face interview was carried out.RESULTS The difference of the score for HIV related social discrimination were statistically significant among PLWHAS,PLWHAS family members and normal people(F = 351.088,P = 0.000),and the differences had a particular pattern,almost got more apparent when their relations were remoter.The HIV related social discrimination were related to the level of contact with PLWHAS(OR = 3.728,P = 0.000),the score of HIV related knowledge(OR = 0.825,P = 0.001),and the understanding of PLWHAS’ situation(OR = 1.102,P = 0.000).CONCLUSION There was still HIV related social discrimination to PLWHAS and their family,and the HIV related social discrimination had its own character,suggesting that it was necessary to develop a series of policies and measures according to its character to fight against the HIV related social discrimination.