自贡市静脉吸毒人群社会网络特点及其与HIV传播关系的研究

目的]了解城市社区静脉吸毒人群（IDUs）人际网络特点,分析其与HIV传播的关系,以更好的在该人群中开展防制艾滋病工作。方法]以“滚雪球”方式抽样;采取定性调查为主、定量研究为辅的资料收集方法。结果]IDUs社会网络的特点：网络中存在“小圈子”并活动频繁;多数“小圈子”有“核心人物”且对圈子成员有重要影响;部分IDUs与家人、朋友保持往来获得经济及生活帮助;IDUs的AIDS高危行为不仅是共用针具,性活动同样值得注意。结论]IDUs社会网络的特点必然影响HIV在该人群中的传播,并可能使HIV传播曲线呈“S”形。这对制定针对该人群的防制AIDS策略有参考意义。IDUs社会网络特点也要影响HIV从吸毒人群向非吸毒人群的传播;对这种传播途径存在的实际可能性不能低估,且应采取相应对策。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL NETWORK OF INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS AND TIS RELATION WITH HIV TRANSMISSION

Objectives]To understand the characteristics of social network of intravenous drug users(IDUs)in the community and its relation with HIV transmission,so as to provide basis for further developing AIDS prevention and control in this population.Methods]Using snowball sampling,qualitative survey supplemented with quantitative study were conducted to collect the relative data.Results]The social network of IDUs showed the following characteristics.There were"cliques"in social network of IDUs,and the members met frequently;"core figure"existed in most of"cliques"and had important influences on the members of its own clique;part of IDUs kept contact with their family and friends to receive financial or living support;sharing needle and sexual intercourse were the high-risk behaviors related with AIDS.Conclusions]The characteristics of social network of IDUs have important influences on HIV transmission among IDUs,and it probably causes an"S"shape transmission curve.This finding provides reference for making strategy for HIV prevention and control among ICUs.Besides,these characteristics also affect the HIV transmission from drug users to general population,so counter-measures should be carried out because of the potential transmission route of HIV/AIDS.