2016 - 2018年天津市职业外照射个人剂量监测结果分析

目的 分析天津市放射工作人员外照射个人剂量监测基本情况。方法　采用方便抽样方法，以2016 - 2018年582家单位进行个人剂量监测的放射工作人员为调查对象，分析连续3年的监测数据。结果　3年连续共监测放射工作人员11 790人次, 年集体有效剂量1 649.55人.mSv,人均年有效剂量为0.07 mSv/a。2016年和2018年均高于2017年年人均有效剂量，差异有统计学意义（Ｈ = 201.04,P＜0.01）。用人单位4个周期监测率，二级医院最高，非医疗机构最低，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 949.68，P＜0.01）。两两比较显示，核医学和牙科放射人均年有效剂量最高，其次为诊断放射学和放射治疗学，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论　天津市放射工作人员年有效剂量基本符合职业接触人群个人剂量当量年限值的要求。加强三级医疗机构、非医疗机构监管和核医学、诊断放射学和放射治疗学人员的放射危害防护。

Individual dosage monitoring results in radiation staffs in Tianjin City

To investigate the individual external dose level of radiation staffs in Tianjin City. Methods By convenient sampling method, the radiation staffs of workers in 582 organizations from 2016 to 2018 were selected as study subjects. The individual dosage monitoring data from 3 years were analyzed. Results A total of 1 1790 person-times were in3 years. The annual collected individual dose was 1649.55 person. mSv and the median per capita annual effective dose was0.07 mSv/a. The per capita effective dose of 2016 and 2018 was higher than that in 2017(H=201.04, P<0.01). The monitoring rate of four cycles in different organizations was the highest in Ⅱ medical institutions, followed by Ⅲ medical institutions and the lowest in non-medical institutions(χ2=949.68, P<0.01). Pairwise comparison showed that the annual effective dose per capita of nuclear medicine and dental radiology was the highest, followed by diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy( P<0.05).Conclusion The radiation dose of medical radiation staffs in Tianjin was within the national standard limit. Protection should be focused on the staffs in Ⅲ medical institutions and non-medical institutions, in nuclear medicine, diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy.