2014 - 2018年武汉市托幼机构消毒质量监测情况

目的 了解武汉市托幼机构消毒质量，为发现传染病防控薄弱环节提供科学依据。方法 2014 - 2018年，采用现场采样的方法对武汉市7个中心城区和6个新城区各级各类建档的2 548所托幼机构开展消毒质量监测。主要采用χ2检验和趋势χ2检验对结果进行统计分析。结果 5年共监测28 981份样品，总体平均合格率为96.14%，各年度平均合格率随年份变化趋势无统计学意义（χ2 = 1.582，P = 0.208），总体合格率随托幼机构级别有增加的趋势（χ2 = 125.223，P＜0.001）。使用中消毒液合格率最高为99.30%，使用中紫外线灯合格率最低为76.90%。物体表面消毒后菌落总数（χ2 = 26.877，P＜0.001）及使用中紫外线灯辐射照度（χ2 = 88.890，P＜0.001）合格率随年份有增加的趋势，而手消毒后菌落总数（χ2 = 131.659，P＜0.001）及大肠菌群（χ2 = 10.934，P = 0.001）合格率随年份有下降的趋势。新城区空气（χ2 = 126.595，P＜0.001）、物体表面（χ2 = 80.029，P＜0.001）和手（χ2 = 11.153，P = 0.001）消毒后的菌落总数、使用中消毒液有效成分含量（χ2 = 4.524，P = 0.033）、手消毒后的大肠菌群（χ2 = 8.992，P = 0.003）及使用中紫外线灯辐射照度（χ2 = 88.497，P＜0.001）合格率均低于中心城区。结论 武汉市托幼机构消毒工作质量整体水平较高，但需重视空气消毒、紫外线灯正确使用、手卫生和消毒设施安装数量等，尤其加强对新城区、低级别托幼机构的技术指导、培训与监管。

Surveillance of Disinfection Quality in Kindergartens of Wuhan from 2014 to 2018

Objective To study the disinfection quality of the kindergartens in Wuhan, and to provide a scientific basis for the detection of weakness in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods The on-site sampling was used to carry out the surveillance of disinfection quality of 2548 various types of the kindergartens in 7 central urban areas and 6 new town areas of Wuhan from 2014 to 2018. The results were statistically analyzed using the χ2 test and the trend χ2 test. Results 28981 samples were monitored in 5 years and the overall average pass rate was 96.14%. There was no statistically significant change in the average pass rate of each year(χ2=1.582, P=0.208), and the overall pass rate increased with the level of the kindergartens(χ2=125.223, P<0.001). The pass rate of the disinfectant in use was the highest(99.30%), and the UV lamp was the lowest(76.90%). The pass rate of the total number of colonies on the surface of object after disinfection(χ2=26.877, P<0.001) and the ultraviolet radiation luminance of UV lamp in use(χ2=88.890, P<0.001) increased with the year, while the total number of colonies(χ2=131.659, P<0.001) and coliform(χ2=10.934, P=0.001) in the hand after disinfection decreased with the year. The pass rate of the total number of colonies of air(χ2=126.595,P<0.001), the surface of object(χ2=80.029, P<0.001)and hand(χ2=11.153, P=0.001) after disinfection, the active ingredient content of disinfectant in use(χ2=4.524, P=0.033), the coliform in the hand after disinfection(χ2=8.992, P=0.003), and the ultraviolet radiation luminance of UV lamp in use(χ2=88.497, P<0.001) in the new town area were lower than that in the central urban areas. Conclusion The overall disinfection quality of the kindergartens in Wuhan is relatively high, but attention should be paid to air disinfection, proper use of UV lamps, hand hygiene and the number of disinfection facilities installed, especially to strengthen the technical guidance,training and supervision for new town area and low-level kindergartens.