健康支持性环境对四川农村人群的不同血压水平的影响分析

目的 探讨健康支持性环境中的不同特征变量对四川省农村人群的不同血压水平的影响。方法 采用多阶段整群抽样的方法，随机抽取四川省7个县（区）8400名的18岁以上常住居民为调查对象。问卷调查一般人口学特征、身体活动行为特征和环境等信息。采用标准方法测量身高、体重、腰围和血压。采用无序多分类logistic回归分析。结果 本调查人群中共检出正常高值血压者4270例，检出率为50.83%，标化率为37.02%，平均年龄（56.22±14.89）岁；高血压患者1498例，检出率为17.83%，标化率为7.92%，平均年龄（65.26±11.28）岁。无序多分类logistic回归结果显示，住宿环境好、获得运动方面的健康信息和参与中等强度活动150Symbol~A@300min/周是正常高值血压和高血压人群的共同保护因素；住宿便利（OR=0.789, 95%CI:0.649~0.958, P=0.017）、医疗服务可及性便利（OR=0.686, 95%CI:0.509~0.924, P=0.013）、对健身步道和健身广场满意为高血压人群的保护因素。结论 多途径合理构建健康支持性环境，对农村正常高值血压者和高血压患者具有保护作用，对遏制农村高血压的流行现状起到一定作用。

Influencing factors of health supportive environment on different blood pressure levels in rural population,Sichuan

To explore the effect of different characteristic variables in health supportive environment on ruralpopulation with different blood pressure levels in Sichuan Province. Methods 8 400 permanent residents over 18 years old in7 districts of Sichuan Province were randomly selected by multi － stage cluster sampling. The general demographiccharacteristics，personal living habits，health status，physical activity and behavioral characteristics and environment wereincludedin questionnaire. Height，weight，waist circumference and blood pressure were measured by standard method. Ｒesults4270 patients with normal high － value blood pressure were detected in the study population，the positive rate was 50. 83% ，the standard rate was 37. 02% ，the average age was ( 56. 22 ± 14. 89) years old; There were 1498 patients with hypertension，with the detection rate of 17. 83% and the standardized rate of 7. 92%. The average age was ( 65. 26 ± 11. 28) years old. Theresults of the logistic regression showed that goodaccommodation，access to exercise － related health information andparticipation in moderate － intensity activities 150 － 300 min /week were common protection factors for normal high － value bloodpressure and hypertension) ; accommodation convenience ( OＲ = 0. 789，95% CI: 0. 649 ～ 0. 958，P = 0. 017) ，accessibility ofmedical services ( OＲ = 0. 686，95% CI: 0. 509 ～ 0. 924，P = 0. 013) ，fitness steps and fitness square were satisfied with theprotection of the hypertension population. Conclusion Multi － pathway and health supportive environment construction has aprotective effect on the normal high － value blood pressure and high blood pressure patients in the rural areas and plays a certainrole in curbing the prevalence of hypertension in rural areas.