独居失能老人未满足照料需求及影响因素分析

目的 研究我国独居失能老人未满足照料需求的现状及其影响因素，为构建面向独居失能老人的社会养老服务体系提供理论依据。方法 基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查2014年数据，以安德森健康行为模型为框架，引入社区因素进行分析。结果 独居失能老人的照料未满足状态占比高达63.1%，进一步的logistic回归结果显示孤独感（很少孤独， OR=0.337,P=0.008）、社区提供生活照料服务（OR=2.334,P=0.037）、慢性非传染性疾病（两种以上，OR=2.476,P=0.050）是未满足照料需求的影响因素，并具有统计学意义。结论 亟需完善针对独居失能老人的养老服务，着力减少其孤独感，实现社区生活照料服务的供需平衡，重点关注患有两种以上慢性非传染性疾病的独居失能老人。

Determinants of unmet need among disabled elderly living alone in China

Objective To explore influential factors of unmet need among disabled elderly living alone, so as to provide theoretical basis for countermeasures to improve the social endowment for disabled elderly living alone. WTHZ]Methods WTBZ]Employing the data from CLHLS in 2014, the study adopted the Anderson’s behavior model as the theoretical framework. Community variables were introduced into the model. WTHZ]Results WTBZ]63.1% of disabled elderly living alone were in a state of unmet need. Binary logistic regression indicated that feeling of lonely(rarely lonely, OR=0.337, P=0.008）, community daily life service OR=2.334, P=0.037) and Non-communicable chronic disease(n ≥2, OR=2.476, P=0.050), were significant factors affecting unmet need. WTHZ]Conclusion WTBZ]It is urgent to improve well-directed care services for the elderly with disabilities living alone, including reducing their loneliness, maintaining balance between supply and demand in community daily life service, focusing on the elderly with more than two chronic non-communicable diseases.