四川省成人居民膳食模式与代谢综合征的关系研究

目的 探讨四川省成人居民膳食模式与代谢综合征的关系，为通过合理膳食指导防治代谢综合征提供参考。方法 选取四川省5个调查点，按照多阶段整群随机抽样，每个调查点抽取150户家庭，对家庭中18岁及以上成人共计1 152人进行问卷调查、医学体检，用食物频率法开展膳食调查。采用因子分析法提取膳食模式。不同膳食模式下代谢综合征患病率的比较采用卡方检验。结果 通过因子分析，得到4种四川省成人膳食模式:粗粮大豆模式、肉食果蔬模式、街头逛吃模式、极简饱腹模式。各类膳食模式下的代谢综合征患病率没有统计学差异，但腹型肥胖（χ2 = 8.271，P = 0.041）、高血压（χ2 = 13.540，P = 0.004）、低HDL - C（χ2 = 9.341，P = 0.025）在不同膳食模式中的患病率差异有统计学意义，且随着因子得分的增加，极简饱腹模式的高血压患病率呈现上升趋势（χ2 = 15.484，P＜0.001）。结论 本研究未发现膳食模式与代谢综合征的关系，但仍提示应食物多样、平衡膳食，主食粗细搭配，多吃大豆和蔬菜水果，减少酱腌菜等高盐食品的摄入。

Study on the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome among adult residents in Sichuan Province

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome among adult residents inSichuan Province, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome through reasonabledietary. Methods Five survey sites were selected. By using the multi-stage cluster random sampling, 150 households wereselected from each survey site. Residents aged 18 and over in each family was selected as the research, a total of 1152people. Questionnaire surveys and medical examinations were conducted. The food frequency questionnaires were used toconduct dietary surveys on the subjects. Dietary patterns were extracted by using factor analysis. The chi -square test wasused to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in different dietary patterns. Results The dietary patterns of adultsaged 18 and over in this study pool can be divided into four types: coarse grain soybean mode, meat fruit vegetable model,street eating mode, and minimalist satiety mode. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MS among the fourdietary patterns, but the difference in the prevalence of abdominal obesity (χ2=8.271, P=0.041), hypertension (χ2=13.540, P=0.004), and low HDL-C (χ2=9.341, P=0.025) in different dietary patterns was statistically significant. The rate of hypertensionin the minimalist satiety pattern increased with the increase of the factor scores (χ2=15.484, P<0.001). Conclusion This studydid not find a relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome. But the results still suggest that balanced dietand food diversification should be promoted. And it is important to take in some coarse grain while eating wheat flour andrice, to eat more soybeans, vegetables and fruits, and to reduce the intake of high-salt foods such as pickles.