成都市女性社区居民对宫颈癌及人乳头瘤病毒的认知度调查研究

目的 了解成都市女性社区居民对宫颈癌及HPV的基线认知水平；评价以医务人员为主导的健康教育能否有效提高社区居民宫颈癌相关认知水平。方法 2015 - 2018年每年妇女节期间通过对社区女性进行问卷调查，比较4年间（2015 - 2018）培训前后社区女性认知水平的变化情况以及疫苗上市前（2015 - 2016）和疫苗上市后（2017 - 2018）社区女性基线认知的变化。结果 健康教育前、后有效问卷分别为591、449份。健康教育前，32.1%的调查对象认为HPV病毒感染是引起宫颈癌最重要的原因，47.2%认为HPV的传播途径为性传播，25.2%认为HPV疫苗接种的最佳年龄为初次性生活前；健康教育后，以上比例分别增长至45.4%、73.7%、62.8%（P均＜0.05）。疫苗上市后，基线愿意接受筛查的调查对象比例由疫苗上市前的95.4%下降到86.1%（P＜0.05）。“医院展板”对基线认知的影响最大，接触过该途径人群的平均认知得分比未接触人群高3.4分（P＜0.05）。结论 成都市社区女性对宫颈癌及HPV相关的基线认知水平较低，疫苗上市后筛查意愿有明显下降趋势。以医院医生为主导的宫颈癌及HPV健康教育应当纳入社区人群健康教育的常规模式，同时应加强宣传疫苗接种后仍应进行宫颈癌筛查的重要性。

Knowledge toward cervical cancer and HPV among female community residents in Chengdu

The aim of this study was to understand the baseline awareness of cervical cancer and HPV in female community residents in Chengdu, so as to evaluate whether the hospital-based health education can effectively improve cervical cancer awareness. Methods The study was conducted during the Women’s Day from 2015 to 2018. The changes in awareness before and after education during the four years were compared. Differences in baseline awareness before(2015-2016) and after(2017-2018) vaccine marketing were also compared. Results The effective questionnaires before and after health education were 591 and 449. Before health education, 32.1% of respondents believed HPV infection was the most important cause of cervical cancer, 47.2% believed HPV was transmitted by sexual transmission, and 25.2% thought that the best age for HPV vaccination was before sexual debut. After education, the above proportions increased to 45.4%, 73.7%,and 62.8%, respectively. The proportion of respondents who were willing to be screened at the baseline dropped from 95.4%to 86.1%. Conclusion The baseline awareness of cervical cancer and HPV of female community residents was low, and screening declined significantly after vaccine marketing. The education like this model should be incorporated into the conventional model, meanwhile, the importance of screening after being vaccinated should be strengthened.