公交驾驶员职业倦怠与心理健康状况的关系研究

目的 揭示公交驾驶员职业倦怠和心理健康现状，探索二者之间的关系，为减少公交驾驶员职业倦怠、提高其心理健康水平提供参考。方法 对成都市3个公交公司的995名公交驾驶员采用Maslach职业倦怠量表普适版（MBI-GS）及一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）进行调查。结果 成都市995名公交驾驶员在职业倦怠总分及情绪衰竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落维度上的中位数和四分位数间距分别为2.33(1.58)分、2.40(3.00)分、0.75(2.00)分及2.17(3.00)分，一般心理健康总分的中位数和四分位数间距为11.00(5.00)分。不同学历、锻炼情况驾驶员倦怠总分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），心理健康总分在性别、驾龄及锻炼情况上差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。因子分析共提取了自我否定、自我肯定、严重情绪反应3个因子。职业倦怠总分及各维度与一般心理健康总分及各因子间均呈正相关（P＜0.05），自我否定和严重情绪反应因子对职业倦怠有较好的预测作用。结论 公交驾驶员职业倦怠现象较为严重且存在一定的心理健康问题。心理健康水平可以预测驾驶员的职业倦怠。

Relationship between bus drivers’ job burnout and mental health status

Objective To reveal the status of the bus driver’s job burnout and mental health, and to explore the relationship between them, so as to provide a reference for reducing job burnout and improving mental health. WTHZ]Methods WTBZ]995 bus drivers from three bus companies in Chengdu were measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). WTHZ]Results WTBZ]The median and inter-quartile range of 995 bus drivers in Chengdu were 2.33 (1.58), 2.40 (3.00), 0.75 (2.00) and 2.17 (3.00), respectively in the job burnout score, emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal accomplishment. The median and inter-quartile range of general mental health score were 11.00 (5.00). There were statistically significant differences in job burnout score between different academic qualifications and exercise (P<0.05) and the total score of mental health was statistically significant in gender, driving age and exercise (P<0.05). Three factors were extracted by Factor analysis: Self-denial, self-affirmation, and severe emotional reaction. The job burnout and its dimensions were positively correlated to general mental health and its factors (P<0.05). The self-denial and severe emotional reaction factors had good predictive effects on job burnout. Conclusion Bus drivers’ job burnout is serious and they have some mental health problems. Mental health can predict job burnout.