郑州市农村老年人电子健康素养现状及影响因素分析

目的 对农村老年人电子健康素养现状进行调查，分析其影响因素。方法 2019年1 - 3月采用多阶段分层整群抽样抽取河南省郑州市农村抽取符合纳入标准的老年人的患者472例，采用一般资料问卷、电子健康素养量表对患者进行调查。采用单因素分析及多重线性回归分析农村老年人的影响因素。结果 农村老年人电子健康素养总得分为（13.76±7.30）分，单因素方差分析显示:男性（t = 8.940,P＜0.001）、60～69岁（t = 29.983,P＜0.001）、学历为高中，中专（t = 49.435,P＜0.001）、月收入＞2 000元（t = 40.342,P＜0.001）、已婚（t = 15.309,P＜0.001）、其他居住状况（t = 13.169,P = 0.002）、慢性疾病（t = - 5.453,P＜0.001）、上网方式（t = 94.633,P = ＜0.001）、使用网络的频率（t = 66.918,P＜0.001）共9个因素对农村老年人电子健康素养得分有影响，多重线性回归分析显示，性别（β = - 2.676）、年龄(β = - 0.910)、婚姻状况（β = - 0.508）、使用网络的频率(β = -2.222)是农村老年人电子健康素养的影响因素。结论 农村老年人电子健康水平素养较低，其影响因素较多，医务人员应该采取有效的辅助干预措施提高患者生活质量。

Current situation and influencing factors of e-health literacy among rural older adults in Zhengzhou

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the status of electronic health literacy of rural elderly and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From January to March 2019, 472 elderly patients meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from rural areas of Zhengzhou, Henan province by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, and the patients were investigated by general information questionnaire and electronic health literacy scale. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of rural elderly. Results The total score of electronic health literacy of rural elderly was 13.76±7.30. One-way ANOVA showed that: male(t=8.940, P<0.001), 60-69 years old(t=29.983,P<0.001), high school education, secondary school(t=49.435, P<0.001), monthly income of >2000 yuan(t=40.342, P<0.001),married(t=15.309, P<0.001), other living conditions(t=13.169, P=0.002), chronic diseases(t=-5.453, P<0.001), internet access(t=94.633, P=< 0.001), and Internet use frequency(t=66.918, P<0.001) all had effects on the score of electronic health literacy of rural elderly. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender(beta=-2.676), age(beta=-0.910), marital status(beta=-0.508), and frequency of internet use(beta =-2.222) were the influencing factors of electronic health literacy of rural elderly people. Conclusion Rural elderly people’s electronic health literacy was low, with many influencing factors. Medical staff should take effective auxiliary intervention measures to improve the quality of life for patients.