新疆牧业地区失能老年人居家非正式照护质量的影响因素分析

目的 分析新疆牧业地区失能老年人居家非正式照护质量的影响因素。方法 运用家庭照护质量量表（FCCI）对335例新疆牧业地区哈萨克族失能老年人居家非正式照护者进行现场调研，采用多重线性回归法对照护质量的影响因素进行分析。 结果 居家非正式照护质量平均得分为44分；被照护老年人的失能程度、与照护者关系、被照护时间、照护者就业情况、年龄及社会支持是影响居家照护质量的主要因素，上述6个变量解释失能老年人居家照护质量总变异量的32.3%。其中，被照护老人的失能程度重（Beta = - 0.475）、配偶照护者(Beta = - 0.171)、被照护时间长(Beta = - 0.180)、照护者就业状况差(Beta = - 0.134)、照护者年龄大(Beta = - 0.116)为其危险因素，高社会支持(Beta = 0.110)为保护因素。结论 新疆政府相关部门在解决失能老年人的长期照护问题中，应优先考虑牧业地区失能程度重、照护时间长及年龄较大的照护者，减轻其照护负担，提高居家非正式照护质量。

Analysis of the influencing factors of home-based informal care quality of disabled elderly in pastoral areas of Xinjiang

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of home-based informal care for disabled elderly in Xinjiang pastoral areas. Methods The family caregiving consequences inventory(FCCI) was used to investigate 335 cases of disabled elderly kazakhs in Xinjiang pastoral areas. Results The average score of informal home care quality was 44 points. The disability level of the elderly, the relationship between the caregivers and the disabled elderly, the time of care, the employment situation, the age of the caregivers and social support were the main factors affecting the quality of home based care. The above six variables could explain 32.3% of the total variation in the quality of home-based care for the aged. Among them, the severity of disability(Beta=-0.475), spouse caregivers(Beta=-0.171), long duration of care(Beta=-0.180), poor employment status of caregivers(Beta=-0.134), older caregivers(Beta=-0.116) were the risk factors, and high social support(Beta=0.110) was the protective factor. Conclusion In solving the problem of long-term care for disabled elderly, the government in Xinjiang should give priority to those who have serious disabled, long time care and elderly caregivers in pastoral areas, to reduce their care burden and improve the quality of home informal care.