甘孜州12岁藏族儿童牙周健康现状及其相关因素分析

目的 了解四川省甘孜州地区12岁藏族儿童的牙周疾病情况及相关影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，在甘孜州地区选取12岁藏族儿童共489名，对其牙周情况进行检查，并进行问卷调查，采用Mann-Whitney U检验和卡方检验比较数据差异，对牙周疾病危险因素采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果 甘孜州藏族儿童的牙石平均检出率和平均检出牙数为82.8%、6.06；平均牙龈出血率和平均检出牙数为75.5%、6.25。男生牙石和牙龈出血情况均比女生严重(P<0.05)。城市儿童牙龈出血率比农村高(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归结果提示，拥有兄弟姐妹是牙龈出血的保护因素(一个: OR=0.230, 95%CI: 0.100~0.550 二个: OR=0.310, 95%CI: 0.110~0.870 三个及更多: OR=0.150, 95%CI: 0.050~0.480)，更高的父亲学历是牙龈出血的保护因素(OR=0.290, 95%CI:0.100~0.820)。每周饮用甜饮料是牙石的危险因素(OR=3.870, 95%CI:1.540~9.750)。 结论 甘孜州12岁藏族儿童牙周患病情况不容乐观，需加强针对这一人群的口腔预防保健干预。

The status and related factors of periodontal health among 12-year-old Tibetan children,Ganzi

To analyze the status and related factors of periodontal health of 12-year-old Tibetan children in Ganzi, Sichuan Province. Methods A stratified multi-stage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain a group consisting of 489 Tibetan children. Periodontal examination and questionnaire survey were performed among these children. Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data, and multiple logistic regression analysis was used for the risk factors of periodontal disease. Results The detection rate of dental calculus and the average number of calculus teeth detected in Tibetan children in Ganzi were 82.8% and 6.06, and the rate of gingival bleeding and the average number of gingival bleeding teeth detected were 75.5% and 6.25. The dental calculus and gingival bleeding of boys were more serious than those of girls(P<0.05). The rate of gingival bleeding in urban children was higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05). Logistic regression showed that having sweetened drink every week was a risk factor for periodontal disease(OR=3.870, 95%CI: 1.540-9.750), while number of brothers and sisters(one: OR=0.230, 95%CI: 0.100-0.550; two: OR=0.310, 95%CI: 0.110-0.870; three or more: OR=0.150, 95%CI: 0.050-0.480) and higher fathers’ educational background(OR=0.290, 95%CI: 0.100-0.820) were the protective factors. Conclusion The periodontal prevalence of 12-year-old Tibetan children in Ganzi was not optimistic, and oral prevention and health care intervention for this population should be strengthened.