四川省民族地区乡村两级卫生人力资源配置及需求预测研究

目的 了解四川省民族地区乡村两级卫生人力资源配置现状并进行需求预测，为进一步优化民族地区及其他边远落后地区的乡村卫生人力资源配置提供决策依据。方法 运用卫生资源集聚度（HRAD）评价乡村卫生人员配置公平性；使用卫生资源密度指数（HRDI）测算乡村卫生人员按地理和人口分布的需求量和缺乏量。结果 全省民族地区乡镇卫生院专科及以下学历的卫技人员占92.40%，初级及以下职称占93.46%，40岁及以上的乡村医生和卫生员占69.15%；乡镇卫生院卫技人员、执业（助理）医师、注册护士及乡村医生和卫生员的HRAD值分别为0.28、0.23、0.26和0.31，通过HRDI计算的缺乏比例分别是81.18%、118.82%、96.97%和63.06%。结论 民族地区乡村两级卫生人员结构不合理、人员素质整体偏低，按地理面积配置公平性差，按人口和地理综合配置的需求量大。应进一步优化乡村两级卫生人员结构和配置公平性，壮大和稳定乡村两级卫生人才队伍。

Study on the allocation and demand forecast of health human resource of township hospital and village clinics in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan province

Objective To understand the current situation as well as predicting the demand of health human resource allocation of township & village two levels in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan province, and to provide decision-making basis for further optimizing rural health human resource allocation in ethnic minority areas and other remote and backward areas. Methods To evaluate the equity and measure the demand and shortage according to geographical and demographic distribution of health personnel of township & village two levels in ethnic minority areas by HRAD and HRDI. Results The rates of health technical personnel with junior college degree or below and the junior professional title or below in the township hospital in ethnic minority areas of Sichuan province were 92.40% and 93.46%, and rural doctors and health workers aged 40 or above was 69.15%; The HRAD values of health technical personnel, licensed(Assistant) doctors, registered nurses, rural doctors and health workers in township hospital were 0.28, 0.23, 0.26 and 0.31 respectively. The lack rates calculated by HRDI were 81.18%, 118.82%, 96.97% and 63.06% respectively. Conclusion The structure of health personnel of township & village two levels in ethnic minority areas is unreasonable, and the overall quality is low; the fairness of allocation according to geographical area is poor, and the demand of comprehensive allocation according to population and geography is large. To further optimize the structure and allocation fairness of health personnel and to strengthen and stabilize the health personnel of township & village two levels in ethnic minority areas.