甲型H1N1流感患者临床特征及疗效分析

目的 总结甲型H1N1流感患者的临床特征,分析奥司他韦疗效.方法 回顾性收集了我院560例轻症甲型H1N1流感住院患者的临床资料,包括年龄、主要症状、实验室检查、发热至口服奥司他韦的时间、发热持续时间、病毒转阴时间;分析发热至口服奥司他韦的时间与发热持续时间及病毒转阴时间的相关性.患者按发热至口服奥司他韦的时间不同分三组,比较不同组间发热持续时间及病毒转阴时间是否有差异.结果 大部分患者症状为发热(97.0%)及咳嗽(90.0%);少数伴有胃肠道(1.8%)或神经系统症状(0.9%);部分患者血常规及生化异常;16.6%的患者心电图呈非特异性改变.患者从发热到起始服奥司他韦时间与发热持续时间及病毒转阴时间均呈正相关(r=0.83,P＜0.01;r=0.60,P＜0.01).各组之间比较其发热持续时间及病毒转阴时间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 轻症甲型H1N1流感临床特征与季节性流感类似,发热患者早期口服奥司他韦治疗可能会缩短发热持续时间及病毒转阴时间.

Clinical characteristics and efficacy analysis of influenza A (H1N1) patients

Objective To summarize the clinical features of influenza A(H1N1) and analyze the efficacy of oseltamivir. Methods The clinical data of 560 hospitalized patients with influenza A(H1N1) were collected retrospectively,included their ages, major symptoms, test results, the times from heat to oseltamivir treatment, heating duration and the virus clearance times, to analyze the correlation between the times from heat to oseltamivir treatment and heating duration or the virus clearance times. According to times from heat to oseltamivir treatment, patients were divided into 3 groups,compared the differences of median heating duration and the virus clearance time. Results Most patients had fever (97.0%)and cough(90.0%). A few patients had symptoms of gastrointestinal(1.8%) or nervous system(0.9%);some patients had biochemical abnormalities; ECG showed non-specific changes in 16.6% patients. There was a positive correlation between the time from heat to oseltamivir treatment and heating duration or the virus clearance time(r=0.83,P＜0.01;r=0.60,P＜0.01). There were also statistical differences in heating duration and the virus clearance time of different groups(P＜0.01). Conclusions The clinical features of patients with influenza A(H1N1) are similar to the features of seasonal influenza. Early oseltamivir treatment for patients with fever may reduce the heating duration and the virus clearance time.