普陀区外来务工人员乙肝认知程度及影响因素调查分析

目的了解普陀区外来务工人员乙肝认知程度和疫苗接种情况及其影响因素,并提出相关建议。方法在普陀区20个工厂中进行配额采样,随机调查了605名外来务工人员。了解他们的乙肝认知情况和疫苗接种率,分析其与出生年月、受教育程度、家庭月收入之间的关系。结果乙肝认知较高者(答对题>50.0%以上)占总人数的22.3%,乙肝疫苗接种率44.8%;家庭月收入对乙肝的整体认知程度有显著影响(P<0.05)。其中,文化程度对乙肝传播途径认知有显著影响(P<0.05)。出生年月和家庭月收入分别对乙肝症状认知有显著和极显著影响(P<0.05,P<0.01)。出生年月和乙肝整体认知程度对疫苗接种率有极显著影响(P<0.01,P<0.01)。结论普陀区外来务工人员对乙肝的认知程度普遍较低,疫苗接种率较低。需要有关部门加强外来务工人员传染病知识教育与宣传,提供支持,做好乙肝防治工作。

The Knowledge and Influencing Factors of Hepatitis B among the Migrant Workers in Putuo District,Shanghai

Objective To study hepatitis B related knowledge, vaccine inoculability and influencing factors among the migrant workers in Putuo district and put forward some advice according to the survey. Methods The quota random sampling was used. 605 migrant workers from 20 factories were investigated by the face to face questionnaire which included hepatitis B knowledge, vaccine inoculability, birth day, education level and family income. Results 22.3% of the study workers responded correctly to more than 50.0% of the questions. 44.8% workers have inoculated vaccine. The result showed that the family income was correlated with the mean weighted marks of knowledge of hepatitis B (P<0.05). Furthermore, education level was associated with the knowledge of the infecting way (P<0.05). Birth day and family income were correlated with the knowledge of the symptoms (P<0.05, P<0.01). It also showed that birth day and the mean weighted marks of knowledge of hepatitis B were related to vaccine inoculability (P<0.01, P<0.01). Conclusion The migrant workers in Putuo district generally lack knowledge of hepatitis B and their rate of vaccine inoculability is low. As for prevention of hepatitis B for migrant workers, we should promote the education and propaganda of infectious diseases.