上海市沙门菌病流行特征分析

目的]了解上海市沙门菌病发病特征、菌型分布、抗生素耐药情况及初步估计相关的疾病负担。方法]在上海市4个区的监测点医院采集监测病例的粪便标本进行沙门菌培养，菌株的血清分型及耐药监测，并对病人开展流行病学调查及沙门菌疾病负担估算。结果]腹泻病人沙门菌阳性率3．13％，监测病例沙门菌阳性率高于非监测病例（X^2=68．212，P〈0．001）；流行季节在7．10月份；73．47％的病例发病前一周有可疑不洁饮食史；本市主要的沙门菌血清型为肠炎、山夫登堡、鼠伤寒和阿伯丁及德比。分离到的沙门菌存在不同程度的耐一种或多种抗生素现象；估计本市每年发生沙门菌病约13561例。结论]监测结果提示上海市沙门菌病发病水平较高，应加强监测；防制措施上应重视食品安全、健康教育。

Epidemiological Surveillance of Salmonellosis in Shanghai

Objective] To investigate the characteristics of epidemic,the distribution of serotype and drug resistance of Salmonellosis in Shanghai.Methods]Stool samples from the surveillance cases and non-surveillance cases of diarrhea patients were collected and cultivated for Salmonella bacillus.Serotype of the bacterium was identified and drug resistance was tested. Epidemiological survey for patients and research of disease burden of Salmonellosis were also conducted.Results]Positive rate of Salmonella bacillus in patients with diarrhea was 3.13% and there was significant difference between surveillance cases and non- surveillance eases(x~2=68.212,P<0.001);Epidemic season was in July through October.73.47% of cases were reported having eaten contamination suspected food during the week before onset of illness.S.Enteritidis,S.Senfienberg,S.Typhimurium and S.Aberdeen were main serotypes of Salmonella in Shanghai.Separated strains wrer found resisting one or multiple antibiotics in different degrees.There,may be 13 561 cases of Salmonellosis each year in Shanghai according to the research of disease burden.Conclusion] The results of this investigation showed that Salmonellosis occured in a higher level in Shanghai.Surveying should be strengthened and more attention should be paid on food safety and health education.