辽西地区职业人群布鲁氏菌病患病的影响因素分析

目的]了解辽西地区（凌海、朝阳、兴城、绥中、葫芦岛市）布鲁氏菌病（简称布病）患病的影响因素，为进一步制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法]采用单纯随机抽样的方法对辽西地区牲畜饲养、贩买及采购、屠宰、兽医等职业人群进行问卷调查。对调查资料进行，检验及多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果]共调查职业人群1740人，其中布病患者98人，总患病率为5．63％。接触流产牲畜者患病率明显高于未接触者（P〈0．001）。不同年龄、不同文化程度、不同职业人群布病患病率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。经，检验得出10个影响布病患病的可疑危险因素。经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析，得出6个布病危险因素：饲养牲畜不进行免疫（OR=12．756）、不使用消毒液（OR=5．303）、不使用防护衣或手套（OR=3．265）、牲畜粪便不进行无害化处理（OR=3．129）、接触流产牲畜（OR=2．892）、购买牲畜不检疫（OR=2．549）。结论]职业人群布病知识的缺乏及自我防护意识的淡薄，不良的生活习惯和行为是布病发生的主要原因。

Analysis of Influencing Factors about Brucellosis among Ocupational Groups in Western Liaoning Province

Objective] To study the influencing factors about brucellosis in western Liaoning province （ Linghai, Chaoyang, Xingcheng, Suizhong and Huludao City ）, and provide a scientific basis for further developing prevention and intervention measures. Methods ] A questionnaire survey was conducted by a simple random sampling method among occupational groups such as people who feeding, selling and slaughtering livestock, and veterinarians, etc. in western Liaoning area. The data were analysed by chi-square test and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression. Results ] There were 98 patients with brucellosis among a total of 1 740 surveyed people, and the total prevalence rate was 5.63 percent. The prevalence rate of the group which had contacted with abortive livestock was higher than that of the non-contacted people（ P 〈 0.001 ）. The prevalence rates of brucellosis were significantly different among the surveyed people with different age, education level and occupations （ P 〈 0.001 ）. Altogether 10 risk factors which probably influenced the prevalence were found by chi-square test. Based on the multi- factor non-condition Logistic regression analysis, 6 risk factors were significantly associated with the Brucellosis, which included raising livestock but without immunization （ 0R=12.756 ）, not degerming （ OR=5.303 ）, not wearing the protective clothing or gloves （ OR=3.265 ）, not detoxicating the animal excrement （ OR=3.129 ）, contacting with abortive livestock （ OR=2.892 ）, and not quarantining when buying the livestock （ 0R=2.549 ）. Conclusion ] Lack of knowledge about brucellosis and self-protection consciousness, as well as having bad habits and behaviors were important reasons for brucellosis infection.