广西壮族自治区部分地区1992～1993年新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种率和血清学效果调查

广西壮族自治区正在普遍推广乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗接种，为了解城市和农村乙肝疫苗的接种率和血清学效果，于1994～1995年在南宁等5个城市和农村三类地区，按容量比例概率抽样法，抽取1991年1月1日～1993年12月31日出生的儿童842人，调查乙肝疫苗接种率．结果5个城市均为100％,农村富裕地区为47.4o％,一般地区为39.3％,而贫困地区仅为18．1％．又以随机抽样的方法，在柳州等3个城市和5个地区，抽取1992年1月1日～1993年12月31日出生并全部接种了乙肝疫苗的儿童1459人，用固相放射免疫法检测执-HBs，用酶免疫法检测HBsAg和抗-HBc．结果1994年1～2岁儿童的HBsAg阳性率为1.7％,1986年的9.7％下降了82.5％。进一步提高农村地区，特别是贫困地区乙肝疫苗的接种率，是降低乙肝病毒携带和传播的关键。

Investigation on Immunization Coverage Rate and Immune Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Some Areas in Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region

The vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is now being popularized in GuangxiZhuangzu Autonomous Region. For evaluating the immunization coverage rate and immuneeffect of the vaccine in cities and rural areas, we selected five cities (Nanning, Guilin,Liuzhou, Wuzhou, Beihai) and three countries of high, medium and low level mcomes toinvestigate. In 1994 ~ 1995, we selected 842 children born in Jan. 1, 1991 ~ Dec, 31, 1993from these areas and analysed by the method of probability proportional to size (PPS).The irnmunization coverage rate in five cities were all 100%, but were 47.4%, 39.3% and18.1 % in countries of high, medium and low level incomes respectively. Also, using randomsampling method, we chose 1 459 HB vaccine completely vaccinated children born in Jan. 1,1992 ~ Dec. 31, 1993 from three cities (Liuzhou, Guilin, Beihai) and five Districts(Nanning, Liuzhou, Cuilin, Wuzhou and Qinzhou Districts) for detection of serum an-ti-HBs by RIA and HBsAg, anti -HBc by EIA. Results showed that HBsAg positive rate inchildren aged 1-2 in 1994 was 1.7% which reduced by 82.5% as compared with that inl986. The data suggest that to raise immunization coverage rate of HB vaccine in ruralareas especially in poor economic areas is the decisive way to lower down the HBsAgcarrier rate and transmission of hepatitis B virus.