我国三次强化免疫日活动实施情况综合分析与评述国家脊髓灰质炎流行病学监测中心

我国分别在１９９３～ｌ９９６年冬春季，连续开展了３次６轮全国强化免疫日（ＮＩＤｓ）活动，有效地控制了零剂次免疫儿童的持续累积，显著提高了免疫覆盖率，及时阻断了脊髓灰质炎野病毒在我国的传播。目前，我国零剂次免疫儿童数迅速减少，其分布趋势集中于＜１岁儿童。在历次ＮＩＤｓ活动中，＜ｌ岁儿童均为主要的漏种人群，持续开展ＮＩＤｓ活动可不断提高漏种儿童的免疫机会，尤其可显著提高＜ｌ岁漏种儿童的免疫率。因此，今后重点加强和提高＜ｌ岁儿童的免疫接种率是提高人群免疫水平的最有效措施。

EVALUATION AND REVIEVIEWING OF NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION DAYS(NIDs)CONDUCTED IN CHINA

n China there had proceeded successively in Winter and Spring seasons in l993-1996 theNational lmmunization Days(NIDs)for 3 times and six runs.The NIDs has effectivelycontrolled the accumulation of zero dose immunized children,raised evidently the poliovirusimmunization coverage rate,and blocked the transmission of wild-type poliovirus in our coun-try.At present,the.mumber of zero dosc immunizcd children was decreas ing rapdly,their agedis tribution gathered chiefly in children under one year old.Kanal yzed by birth cohort,thechildren under one year old were the population who were missed to be vaccinated in eachNIDs.The implementation of NIDs increased the chance of vaccination to those who missedthe routine inunuhization,so as to raise prominently the immuniaation co verage rate ofchildren under one year old.we hold that to strengthen the immuni zation co verage rate ofthese children is the most effective meas ure to raise the immune level of the population.