黄南藏族自治州2004年新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗首针及时接种率及影响因素调查

目的了解影响黄南藏族自治州新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗首针(HepB1)及时接种的因素,探索提高农牧区新生儿HepB1及时接种率的方法。方法通过查阅文献、现场访问、入户调查、问卷调查等方式收集有关资料及信息。结果2004年黄南藏族自治州新生儿HepB1报告及时接种率为42.61%,其中在医院出生新生儿HepB1及时接种率为91.77%,在家出生新生儿HepB1及时接种率为19.58%;全州住院分娩率为31.90%;入户接种占51.06%;HepB1未及时接种原因主要是家长不知道,占39.66%。结论2004年全州新生儿HepB1及时接种率较低。今后要加大宣传和开展健康教育活动,掌握在家分娩孕妇的分娩信息和合理安排在家出生新生儿及时接种,是提高新生儿HepB1及时接种率的有效手段之一。

Study on Birth-time Coverage and Correlative Factors in Huangnan Prefecture of Qinghai Province in 2004

Objective In order to search the methods and patterns to fortify birth-time coverage of the HepB in remote areas,a survey about the factors affecting the birth-time coverage of the hepB in Huangnan Prefecture of Qinghai Province was carried in 2004.Methods The data and information have been collected by finding out data,locale visiting,home to home surveying and questionnaires.Results In 2004,the timely delivery coverage of HepB birth dose was 42.61%.Among the children born in hospitals,the coverage was 91.77%.For the children born in home,the rate was 19.58%.The delivery coverage in Huangnan Prefecture was 31.90%.Home to home immunization(51.06%)was a primary pattern.Some challenges remained to achieve high timely birth dose coverage,largely due to that parents unknowing(39.66%).The primary factor of high timely birth dose coverage was that the health servers actively inoculated for the newborn(75%).Conclusion The results show that the timely delivery coverage of HepB birth dose was lower,and suggest that one of the most effective methods of improving the birth dose coverage should include strengthening health education and propaganda,improving the children's delivery coverage,supervising the delivery coverage and the birth dose rate of HepB.