中国不同地区产妇住院分娩率与新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗接种率分析

目的分析新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)接种率与产妇住院分娩率之间的关系,指导HepB预防接种工作。方法将2003年国家卫生服务调查的产妇住院分娩数据与2005年全国常规免疫接种报告的新生儿HepB接种数据进行配比分析。结果城市产妇住院分娩率高于农村,城市新生儿HepB接种率高于农村。在农村,产妇住院分娩率越高,新生儿HepB接种率越高,新生儿HepB接种率和产妇住院分娩率关系密切。结论为了提高新生儿HepB接种率,必须大力提倡产妇住院分娩,保证在医院出生的新生儿及时接种HepB;对在家出生的新生儿应采取特殊策略,保证及时接种HepB。

Analysis on New Born Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage and Pregnant Women Hospital Delivery Rate in Different Regions

Objective To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B vaccine immunization coverage of new born and pregnant women hospital delivery rate in order to guide the vaccination of hepatitis B.Method Comparing the hospital delivery rate from national health service survey in 2003 and the reported immunization coverage from routine immunization in 2005.Result Hepatitis B vaccine coverage is high in urban areas with high hospital delivery rates than rural areas with low hospital delivery rates,in rural areas,the higher the hospital delivery rate,the higher immunization coverage of timely birth dose.Conclusion In order to accelerate the control for hepatitis B,improving the coverage for hepatitis B vaccine,hospital delivery rate should be improved,and to ensure all the infants can get immunization of hepatitis B vaccine after birth;For those infants born at home,specific strategies should be developed to ensure them to get immunization in time with birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine.