高校教师工作压力与应对方式和社会支持的相关性

目的了解高校教师现阶段工作压力的状况,为缓解高校教师工作压力,建立符合高校教师心理需要的心理支持系统提供依据。方法采用应对方式量表、社会支持量表和工作压力量表对高校151名教师进行问卷调查,并将统计结果进行相关分析。结果高校教师工作压力来源是多元的,其中工作负担压力、职业声望压力、职业发展压力的强度居前3位,男女教师在工作负担压力维度上的差异显著（P〈0.01）;工作压力总分与应对方式总分呈显著正相关（r=0.359,P〈0.01）。工作压力各维度与应对方式各维度间（除求助外）相关密切,达到统计学上的显著水平,各压力源与应对方式均呈显著正相关,与解决问题呈负相关;工作压力总分及各维度与社会支持总分及各维度间呈显著负相关。结论高校教师普遍压力较大,学校应构建心理支持系统,力争从教师自身应对方式和社会支持上使教师减轻压力感,使教师正确认识职业压力,提高自身的承受力,以积极的姿态应对职业压力。

Correlation between Working Pressure of College Teachers and The Coping Style and Social Support

Objective] To understand the current status of working pressure among college teachers, and to provide evidence for alleviating college teacher working pressure, establishing psychological support system which is in line with psychological needs of college teachers. Methods] Coping style scale, social support scale and stress scale were adopted to conduct questionnaire survey on 151 college teachers, and the results were analyzed. E Results ] The source of working pressure is multivariate, burden of work pres- sure, the pressure of occupational prestige, the strength of career development pressure were the top 3. The difference of burden of work pressure dimension between male and female was significant （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; total pressure and coping style scores were significantly correlated （ r = 0. 359,P 〈 0. 01 ）. The dimension of work stress and coping style （ except for outside help） closely related to statistically significant levels. Source of stress significantly and positively correlated with its coping style, negatively correlated with problem-solving; total seores and dimensions of work pressure and social support showed a significantly and negatively correlation. Conclusion ] Working pressure of college teachers is universal. Schools should build a psychological support system, alleviate pressure sense from teachers＇own coping styles and social supports, make teachers have the correct understanding of occupational stress, improve the affordability of their own with a positive attitude to deal with occupational stress.