孕期个体化营养指导对妊娠结局及新生儿出生体质量的影响

目的 探讨孕期个体化营养指导对妊娠结局及新生儿出生体质量的影响.方法 选择2011年6月至2012年6月于甘肃省妇幼保健院产科建卡、定期产检且住院分娩的300例单胎孕妇为研究对象,按照建卡时是否接受孕期个体化营养指导,将其分为研究组（n=150,孕期接受个体化营养指导）和对照组（n=150,孕期未接受个体化营养指导）.两组孕妇的年龄、孕前体质量、身高及孕前体质量指数（BMI）等一般临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.比较分析两组孕妇的分娩方式、会阴侧切率、孕前BMI正常孕妇孕期体质量增长及新生儿出生体质量等（本研究遵循的程序符合甘肃省妇幼保健院伦理委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书）.结果 研究组与对照组的分娩方式、孕前BMI正常孕妇孕期体质量增长、新生儿出生体质量比较,差异均有统计学意义（χ2=6.72,7.19,16.16,P〈0.05）.研究组与对照组的会阴侧切率比较（26.79% vs.29.67%）,差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.21,P〉0.05）.结论 孕期进行个体化营养指导有利于降低剖宫产率,控制孕期体质量增长及新生儿出生体质量于正常范围.

Effects of Individualized Nutrition Guidance During Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcomes and Neonatal Birth Weight

Objective To investigate the effects of individualized nutrition guidance during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal birth weight. Methods From June 2011 to June 2012, a cohort of 300 pregnant women with single fetal without pregnancy complications were enrolled and divided into two groups randomly. Study group （n=150） received individualized nutrition guidance during pregnancy and control group （n=150） received regular physical examination only. There had no significant differences between two groups among age, weight and height before pregnancy, and body mass index （BMI）. The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal birth weight were compared between the two groups. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Gansu Province. Informed consent was obtained from all participates. Results There were obviously difference between study group and control group among cesarean section modes, weight gain during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight （χ2=6.72, 7.19, 16.16,P〈0.05）,but there was no obvious difference on the lateral episiotomy rate （χ2=0.21,P〉0.05）. Conclusions Individualized nutrition guidance during pregnancy is beneficial to improving pregnancy outcomes and to controlling the weight gain during pregnancy and neonatal birth weight.