工作场所社会资本与流动人口吸烟及自评健康关系的多水平分析

目的探讨工作场所社会资本与流动人口吸烟和自评健康的关系,为工作场所健康促进提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,于2012年7月—2013年1月在上海市77家工作场所通过问卷调查流动人口的人口学特征、吸烟、问题饮酒、自评健康和工作场所社会资本等指标。运用多水平Logistic回归分析探讨个体工作场所社会资本和群组工作场所社会资本与吸烟和自评健康的关系。结果研究对象的吸烟率为25.2%。多水平分析结果显示：控制社会人口学特征后,以个体工作场所社会资本位于第4四分位数的研究对象作为参考,位于第3四分位数、第2四分位数和第1四分位数的研究对象吸烟的OR值分别为：1.15（95%CI：1.02-1.41）,1.24（95%CI：1.13-1.57）,1.51（95%CI：1.20-1.89）。22.3%的研究对象自评健康状况不佳。多水平分析结果显示：控制社会人口学特征后,以个体工作场所社会资本位于第4四分位数的研究对象作为参考,位于第3四分位数、第2四分位数和第1四分位数的研究对象自评健康自评不佳的OR值分别为：1.49（95%CI：1.21-1.83）,2.85（95%CI：2.30-3.54）,3.03（95%CI：2.43-3.76）。群体工作场所社会资本与吸烟和自评健康均无关联。结论个体工作场所社会资本是流动人口吸烟和自评健康的影响因素,在工作场所重建社会资本可以促进流动人口的健康水平。

The relationships of workplace social capital between smoking and self-rated health among Chinese rural-urban migrant workers

Objective To investigate the associations of workplace social capital between smoking and self-rated health among rural-urban migrant workers（ RUMW）. Methods A cross sectional study with a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure was conducted in Shanghai during July 2012 to January 2013. In totally, 77 workplaces were involved. Workplace social capital was assessed using a validated and psychometrically tested eight-item measure. Control variables included gender,age,marital status,education level,salary,and problematic drinking. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether individual and group-level workplace social capital was associated with smoking and selfrated health. Results Overall,the prevalence of smoking was 25. 2%. After controlling for individual-level socio-demographic and lifestyle variables,compared workers with the highest quartile of individual-level workplace social capital,the odds of smoking for workers with the third quartile,second quartile and lowest quartile were 1. 15（ 95% CI： 1. 02-1. 41）,1. 24（ 95% CI： 1. 13- 1. 57）,1. 51（ 95% CI： 1. 20- 1. 89）,respectively. The prevalence of poor self-rated health was 22. 3%. After controlling for individual-level socio-demographic and lifestyle variables,compared workers with the highest quartile of individual-level workplace social capital,the odds of poor self-rated health for workers with the third quartile,second quartile and lowest quartile were 1. 49（ 95% CI： 1. 21- 1. 83）,2. 85（ 95% CI： 2. 30- 3. 54）,3. 03（ 95% CI： 2. 43- 3. 76）,respectively. But there was no relationship between group-level workplace social capital and smoking and self-rated health. Conclusion Higher individual-level workplace social capital is associated with lower likelihood of smoking and poor self-rated health among RUMWs. It may facilitate to promote health among RUMWs to reconstruct social capital in workplace in China.